Rosenstreich Eyal, Ruderman Lital
Department of Behavioral Sciences, Peres Academic Center, Rehovot, Israel.
Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Conscious Cogn. 2016 Jul;43:48-56. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.05.007. Epub 2016 May 26.
The practice of mindfulness has been argued to increase attention control and improve memory performance. However, it was recently suggested that the effect of mindfulness on memory may be due to a shift in response-bias, rather than to an increase in memory-sensitivity. The present study examined the mindfulness-attention-memory triad. Participants filled in the five-facets of mindfulness questionnaire, and completed two recognition blocks; in the first attention was full, whereas in the second attention was divided during the encoding of information. It was found that the facet of non-judging (NJ) moderated the impact of attention on memory, such that responses of high NJ participants were less biased and remained constant even when attention was divided. Facets of mindfulness were not associated with memory sensitivity. These findings suggest that mindfulness may affect memory through decision making processes, rather than through directing attentional resources to the encoding of information.
正念练习被认为可以增强注意力控制并改善记忆表现。然而，最近有人提出，正念对记忆的影响可能是由于反应偏差的转变，而不是记忆敏感性的提高。本研究考察了正念-注意力-记忆三者关系。参与者填写了正念五因素问卷，并完成了两个识别任务；在第一个任务中注意力是集中的，而在第二个任务中，信息编码过程中注意力是分散的。研究发现，非评判（NJ）这一因素调节了注意力对记忆的影响，即高NJ参与者的反应偏差较小，即使注意力分散时也保持不变。正念各因素与记忆敏感性无关。这些发现表明，正念可能通过决策过程影响记忆，而不是通过将注意力资源导向信息编码。
