Shi Ting, Li Dachao, Li Guoqing, Zhang Yiming, Xu Kexin, Lu Luo
College of Electronic Information and Control Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Department of Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
J Diabetes Res. 2016;2016:4596316. doi: 10.1155/2016/4596316. Epub 2016 Apr 27.
One of the most effective methods for continuous blood glucose monitoring is to continuously measure glucose in the interstitial fluid (ISF). However, multiple physiological factors can modulate glucose concentrations and affect the lag phase between blood and ISF glucose changes. This study aims to develop a compensatory tool for measuring the delay in ISF glucose variations in reference to blood glucose changes. A theoretical model was developed based on biophysics and physiology of glucose transport in the microcirculation system. Blood and interstitial fluid glucose changes were measured in mice and rats by fluorescent and isotope methods, respectively. Computer simulation mimicked curves were fitted with data resulting from fluorescent measurements of mice and isotope measurements of rats, indicating that there were lag times for ISF glucose changes. It also showed that there was a required diffusion distance for glucose to travel from center of capillaries to interstitial space in both mouse and rat models. We conclude that it is feasible with the developed model to continuously monitor dynamic changes of blood glucose concentration through measuring glucose changes in ISF with high accuracy, which requires correct parameters for determining and compensating for the delay time of glucose changes in ISF.
连续血糖监测最有效的方法之一是持续测量间质液（ISF）中的葡萄糖。然而，多种生理因素可调节葡萄糖浓度，并影响血液与ISF葡萄糖变化之间的延迟期。本研究旨在开发一种补偿工具，用于测量参考血糖变化时ISF葡萄糖变化的延迟。基于微循环系统中葡萄糖转运的生物物理学和生理学建立了一个理论模型。分别通过荧光法和同位素法测量小鼠和大鼠的血液和间质液葡萄糖变化。计算机模拟拟合曲线与小鼠荧光测量和大鼠同位素测量得到的数据相符，表明ISF葡萄糖变化存在滞后时间。研究还表明，在小鼠和大鼠模型中，葡萄糖从毛细血管中心扩散到间质空间都需要一定的扩散距离。我们得出结论，利用所开发的模型，通过高精度测量ISF中的葡萄糖变化来连续监测血糖浓度的动态变化是可行的，这需要正确的参数来确定和补偿ISF中葡萄糖变化的延迟时间。
