Rył Aleksandra, Jasiewicz Andrzej, Grzywacz Anna, Adler Grażyna, Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina, Rotter Iwona, Sipak-Szmigiel Olimpia, Rumianowski Bogdan, Karakiewicz Beata, Jurczak Anna, Parczewski Miłosz, Urbańska Anna, Grabowska Marta, Laszczyńska Maria
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 71-210, Poland.
Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 71-460, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 May 28;13(6):543. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13060543.
Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation due to loss of ovarian follicular activity. A review of the available literature indicates that correlations between the changes that take place in a woman's body after menopause and different genetic variants are still being sought.
The study was conducted in 252 women who had completed physiological menopause. The women were divided into groups according to the time elapsed since menopause. The total concentrations of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone were determined by means of electrochemiluminescence. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) and lepitn (LEP) genotypes were determined by real-time PCR and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, respectively.
We observed that people with the APOE3/E3 genotype entered menopause insignificantly later compared to other genotypes. Additionally, in the group of patients with the APOE3/E3 genotypes, differences in the E2 concentration were significantly related to the time since their last menstruation. There is no association found in the literature between these polymorphisms of the LEP gene and hormones.
To date, attempts to formulate a model describing the association between E2 and FSH concentration with the polymorphisms of various genes of menopause in women have not been successful. This relationship is difficult to study because of the number of nongenetic factors. Environmental factors can explain variation in postmenopausal changes in hormone levels.
绝经是由于卵巢卵泡活动丧失导致的月经永久性停止。对现有文献的综述表明，仍在探寻绝经后女性身体发生的变化与不同基因变异之间的相关性。
该研究对252名已完成生理性绝经的女性进行。根据绝经后的时间将这些女性分组。通过电化学发光法测定雌二醇和促卵泡激素的总浓度。分别通过实时聚合酶链反应和聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性测定载脂蛋白E（APOE）和瘦素（LEP）基因型。
我们观察到，与其他基因型相比，携带APOE3/E3基因型的人进入绝经的时间稍晚，但差异不显著。此外，在携带APOE3/E3基因型的患者组中，雌二醇浓度的差异与末次月经后的时间显著相关。文献中未发现LEP基因的这些多态性与激素之间存在关联。
迄今为止，试图构建一个描述女性绝经各种基因多态性与雌二醇和促卵泡激素浓度之间关联的模型尚未成功。由于非遗传因素的数量众多，这种关系难以研究。环境因素可以解释绝经后激素水平变化的差异。
