Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Lancet. 2016 Dec 3;388(10061):2783-2795. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30172-6. Epub 2016 May 27.
Thyroid cancer is the fifth most common cancer in women in the USA, and an estimated over 62 000 new cases occurred in men and women in 2015. The incidence continues to rise worldwide. Differentiated thyroid cancer is the most frequent subtype of thyroid cancer and in most patients the standard treatment (surgery followed by either radioactive iodine or observation) is effective. Patients with other, more rare subtypes of thyroid cancer-medullary and anaplastic-are ideally treated by physicians with experience managing these malignancies. Targeted treatments that are approved for differentiated and medullary thyroid cancers have prolonged progression-free survival, but these drugs are not curative and therefore are reserved for patients with progressive or symptomatic disease.
在美国，甲状腺癌是女性中第五种最常见的癌症，据估计，2015 年男性和女性中新发甲状腺癌病例超过 62000 例。其发病率在全球范围内持续上升。分化型甲状腺癌是最常见的甲状腺癌亚型，在大多数患者中，标准治疗（手术联合放射性碘治疗或观察）是有效的。患有其他更罕见亚型甲状腺癌——髓样癌和间变性癌的患者，最好由有治疗这些恶性肿瘤经验的医生进行治疗。针对分化型和髓样甲状腺癌的靶向治疗可延长无进展生存期，但这些药物不能治愈疾病，因此仅用于患有进展性或有症状疾病的患者。
