Silva-Andrade Horasa Lima, de Andrade Luciano Pires, Muniz Lauana Souza, Telino-Júnior Wallace Rodrigues, Albuquerque Ulysses Paulino, Lyra-Neves Rachel Maria
Department of Biology, Graduate Program in Ethnobiology and Nature Conservation - PPGEtno, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Garanhuns Campus, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2016 May 31;11(5):e0156307. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156307. eCollection 2016.
Farmers' perceptions of birds' interactions with agricultural production systems are fundamental to species conservation efforts. In the present study, we evaluated the perceptions of birds held by farmers who engage in conventional and non-conventional agricultural production processes and the implications of potential differences in these perceptions on species conservation. To accomplish this, data were collected using questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and other complementary sources of information gathered from 191 farmers in northeastern Brazil. Although some similarities were identified among the farmers in their perceptions and local ecological knowledge (LEK) of birds, differences existed between the conventional and non-conventional farmers in their attitudes toward, conflicts with, and usage of bird species. Compared to the conventional farmers, the non-conventional farmers could identify more bird species, possessed more favorable attitudes toward birds, and engaged in practices more beneficial to the conservation of avifauna. The perceptions that were identified were related to the type of agriculture practiced, and such perceptions may affect the conservation of bird species. Therefore, the adoption of certain agricultural practices has important implications for conservation. Our results indicate the need for investment in public policies, programs and actions that account for farmers' knowledge and perceptions. Such investments will contribute to the development and adoption of practices supporting wild bird conservation in agricultural areas.
农民对鸟类与农业生产系统相互作用的认知对于物种保护工作至关重要。在本研究中，我们评估了从事传统和非传统农业生产过程的农民对鸟类的认知，以及这些认知中的潜在差异对物种保护的影响。为实现这一目标，我们通过问卷调查、半结构化访谈以及从巴西东北部191名农民那里收集的其他补充信息来源来收集数据。尽管在农民对鸟类的认知和当地生态知识（LEK）方面发现了一些相似之处，但传统农民和非传统农民在对鸟类的态度、与鸟类的冲突以及对鸟类物种的利用方面存在差异。与传统农民相比，非传统农民能够识别更多的鸟类物种，对鸟类持有更积极的态度，并且从事对鸟类保护更有益的做法。所识别出的认知与所实行的农业类型相关，并且这种认知可能会影响鸟类物种的保护。因此，采用某些农业做法对保护具有重要意义。我们的结果表明需要投资于考虑农民知识和认知的公共政策、计划和行动。此类投资将有助于开发和采用支持农业地区野生鸟类保护的做法。
