Negash Tefera G, Ehlers Valerie J
Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa.
Curationis. 2016 May 11;39(1):1583. doi: 10.4102/curationis.v39i1.1583.
This article assessed maternal and neonatal outcomes amongst users of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
The study aimed to assess the health outcomes (antiretroviral prophylaxis versus antiretroviral treatment, CD4 counts, World Health Organization (WHO) stages of illness, other illnesses) of women who had used these services, as well as the HIV status of their babies and the infant feeding method adopted.
A quantitative, cross sectional, retrospective cohort design was used. Document reviews were conducted with a sample of 384 mother-infant pairs (out of a population of 796) who had used PMTCT services.
All respondents were using prophylactic antiretrovirals or antiretroviral therapy, but some were on the wrong treatment based on their CD4 counts. The CD4 counts increased four times more for women on antiretroviral treatment than for those on prophylactic antiretrovirals. The WHO's stages of HIV illness did not improve but deteriorated in some cases, and 52 other illnesses were recorded. Out of the 384 infants, 6.0% (n = 23) were HIV-positive. Most respondents opted for exclusive breast feeding but some used mixed feeding during the first six months of their infants' lives, despite having received health education related to infant feeding options.
The respondents' improved CD4 counts were inadequate to improve their World Health Organization stages of HIV illness. Some babies received mixed feeding during the first six months of their lives and 6% of the babies were HIV-positive despite their mothers' utilisation of PMTCT services.
本文评估了埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴预防母婴传播（PMTCT）艾滋病服务使用者的孕产妇和新生儿结局。
该研究旨在评估使用这些服务的女性的健康结局（抗逆转录病毒预防与抗逆转录病毒治疗、CD4细胞计数、世界卫生组织（WHO）疾病分期、其他疾病），以及她们婴儿的艾滋病毒感染状况和采用的婴儿喂养方式。
采用定量、横断面、回顾性队列设计。对384对母婴（从796人的总体中抽取）使用预防母婴传播服务的样本进行了文件审查。
所有受访者都在使用预防性抗逆转录病毒药物或抗逆转录病毒疗法，但有些患者根据其CD4细胞计数接受了错误的治疗。接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的女性的CD4细胞计数增加幅度是接受预防性抗逆转录病毒药物治疗女性的四倍多。世界卫生组织的艾滋病毒疾病分期没有改善，在某些情况下甚至恶化，还记录了52种其他疾病。在384名婴儿中，6.0%（n = 23）为艾滋病毒阳性。大多数受访者选择纯母乳喂养，但有些受访者在婴儿出生后的前六个月采用混合喂养，尽管她们接受了有关婴儿喂养选择的健康教育。
受访者CD4细胞计数的改善不足以改善其世界卫生组织的艾滋病毒疾病分期。一些婴儿在出生后的前六个月接受了混合喂养，尽管其母亲使用了预防母婴传播服务，但仍有6%的婴儿为艾滋病毒阳性。
