Amir Dorsa, Jordan Matthew R, Bribiescas Richard G
Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2016 Jun 1;11(6):e0155883. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155883. eCollection 2016.
Perceptions of environmental adversity and access to economic resources in adolescence can theoretically affect the timing of life history transitions and investment in reproductive effort. Here we present evidence of correlations between variables associated with subjective extrinsic mortality, economic status, and reproductive effort in a nationally representative American population of young adults.
We used a longitudinal database that sampled American participants (N ≥ 1,579) at four points during early adolescence and early adulthood to test whether perceptions of environmental adversity and early economic status were associated with reproductive effort.
We found that subjectively high ratings of environmental danger and low access to economic resources in adolescence were significantly associated with an earlier age of menarche in girls and earlier, more robust fertility in young adulthood.
While energetics and somatic condition remain as possible sources of variation, the results of this study support the hypothesis that perceptions of adversity early in life and limited access to economic resources are associated with differences in reproductive effort and scheduling. How these factors may covary with energetics and somatic condition merits further investigation.
理论上，青少年对环境逆境的认知以及获取经济资源的情况会影响生命历程转变的时机和对生殖投入的程度。在此，我们展示了在美国具有全国代表性的年轻成年人样本中，与主观外在死亡率、经济状况和生殖投入相关变量之间的相关性证据。
我们使用了一个纵向数据库，该数据库在青春期早期和成年早期的四个时间点对美国参与者（N≥1579）进行了抽样，以测试对环境逆境的认知和早期经济状况是否与生殖投入有关。
我们发现，青少年时期主观上对环境危险的高评级以及获取经济资源的机会少，与女孩月经初潮年龄较早以及成年早期生育较早且更旺盛显著相关。
虽然能量学和身体状况仍是可能的变异来源，但本研究结果支持这样一种假设：生命早期对逆境的认知以及获取经济资源的机会有限与生殖投入和时间安排上的差异有关。这些因素如何与能量学和身体状况共同变化值得进一步研究。
