Polberger S K, Axelsson I A, Räihä N C
Department of Pediatrics, University of Lund, Malmö General Hospital, Sweden.
Pediatr Res. 1989 Apr;25(4):414-9. doi: 10.1203/00006450-198904000-00022.
In a double-blind, randomized study, 28 healthy, growing very low birth wt, appropriate-for-gestational-age infants were fed human milk, preferably mother's own, fortified daily with human milk protein and/or human milk fat. The infants entered the study when they were stable on complete enteral intakes of 170 mL/kg/d (mean age = 19 d). The study lasted for a mean of 4 wk. Samples from all the milks were collected daily, and intakes of protein, fat, carbohydrates, energy, and electrolytes were calculated weekly during the whole study period. Protein intakes ranged from 1.7 to 3.9 g/kg/d, and energy intakes from 100 to 150 kcal/kg/d. Wt and length gain in the nonprotein-enriched groups were 15.6 +/- 2.7 g/kg/d (mean +/- SD) and 0.88 +/- 0.17 cm/wk; the corresponding figures for the protein-enriched groups were 20.2 +/- 2.1 g/kg/d and 1.24 +/- 0.14 cm/wk. There was a strong correlation between protein intake and growth in wt and length up to an intake of about 3 g/kg/d; more protein did not result in increased growth. The same was true for energy intake, with a maximal growth rate at an intake of about 120 kcal/kg/d. A protein intake of more than 3 g/kg/d resulted in a growth rate equal to or higher than the estimated intrauterine growth rate. Some infants fed mature banked human milk alone had a poor growth. Sodium intake was low, ranging from 1.5 to 2.6 mmol/kg/d. No correlation was found between sodium intake and growth rates.
在一项双盲随机研究中，28名健康、生长中的极低出生体重、适于胎龄的婴儿被喂食人乳，最好是母亲自己的乳汁，并每日添加人乳蛋白和/或人乳脂肪进行强化。这些婴儿在完全经肠道摄入170 mL/kg/d（平均年龄 = 19天）且情况稳定时进入研究。研究平均持续4周。在整个研究期间，每天收集所有乳汁的样本，并每周计算蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、能量和电解质的摄入量。蛋白质摄入量范围为1.7至3.9 g/kg/d，能量摄入量范围为100至150 kcal/kg/d。非蛋白质强化组的体重和身长增长分别为15.6±2.7 g/kg/d（平均值±标准差）和0.88±0.17 cm/周；蛋白质强化组的相应数据分别为20.2±2.1 g/kg/d和1.24±0.14 cm/周。在蛋白质摄入量达到约3 g/kg/d之前，蛋白质摄入量与体重和身长增长之间存在很强的相关性；摄入更多蛋白质并不会导致生长加快。能量摄入情况也是如此，摄入量约为120 kcal/kg/d时生长速率最高。蛋白质摄入量超过3 g/kg/d会导致生长速率等于或高于估计的宫内生长速率。一些仅喂食成熟库藏人乳的婴儿生长不佳。钠摄入量较低，范围为1.5至2.6 mmol/kg/d。未发现钠摄入量与生长速率之间存在相关性。
