Neiva Henrique P, Marques Mário C, Barbosa Tiago M, Izquierdo Mikel, Viana João L, Marinho Daniel A
University of Beira Interior, Department of Sport Sciences, Portugal; Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Portugal.
Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Portugal; National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
J Sci Med Sport. 2017 Jan;20(1):81-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.04.012. Epub 2016 May 27.
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 10min vs. 20min passive rest post warm-up on performance in a 100m freestyle time-trial.
Randomized crossover.
Eleven competitive male swimmers performed two experimental trials on different days, consisting of 100m freestyle time-trials following 10min or 20min passive rest after a standard 1200m warm-up. Performance (time-trial), biomechanical (stroke length, stroke frequency, stroke index, propelling efficiency), physiological (blood lactate concentrations, heart rate, core and tympanic temperature), and psychophysiological (perceived effort) variables were assessed during both trials.
Time-trial performance was faster after 10min as opposed to 20min passive rest (58.41±1.99s vs. 59.06±1.86, p<0.01). This was supported by strong effect sizes (d=0.99) and the qualitative indication of "likely" positive effects. Heart rate before the time-trial was also higher after 10min passive rest (89±12bpm vs. 82±13bpm; p<0.01). Furthermore, net core temperature and oxygen uptake values before the time-trial were substantially lower after 20min passive rest.
These data suggest that the 10min post warm-up passive rest enhances 100m freestyle performance when compared to a 20min period. An improvement that appears to be mediated by the combined effects of a shorter post warm-up period on core temperature, heart rate and oxygen uptake.
本研究旨在比较热身之后10分钟与20分钟被动休息对100米自由泳计时赛成绩的影响。
随机交叉试验。
11名男性竞技游泳运动员在不同日期进行了两项试验，包括在标准的1200米热身之后，分别进行10分钟或20分钟被动休息，然后进行100米自由泳计时赛。在两项试验中均评估了成绩（计时赛成绩）、生物力学指标（划水长度、划水频率、划水指数、推进效率）、生理指标（血乳酸浓度、心率、核心体温和鼓膜温度）以及心理生理指标（主观用力程度）。
与20分钟被动休息相比，10分钟被动休息后的计时赛成绩更快（58.41±1.99秒对59.06±1.86秒，p<0.01）。这得到了较大效应量（d=0.99）以及“可能”的积极效应的定性指标的支持。10分钟被动休息后计时赛前的心率也更高（89±12次/分钟对82±13次/分钟；p<0.01）。此外，20分钟被动休息后计时赛前的净核心体温和摄氧量值显著更低。
这些数据表明，与20分钟相比，热身之后10分钟的被动休息可提高100米自由泳成绩。这种提高似乎是由热身之后较短的休息时间对核心体温、心率和摄氧量的综合影响所介导的。
