Hackeng Wenzel M, Hruban Ralph H, Offerhaus G Johan A, Brosens Lodewijk A A
Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Diagn Pathol. 2016 Jun 7;11(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s13000-016-0497-z.
Histologic characteristics have proven to be very useful for classifying different types of tumors of the pancreas. As a result, the major tumor types in the pancreas have long been classified based on their microscopic appearance.
Recent advances in whole exome sequencing, gene expression profiling, and knowledge of tumorigenic pathways have deepened our understanding of the underlying biology of pancreatic neoplasia. These advances have not only confirmed the traditional histologic classification system, but also opened new doors to early diagnosis and targeted treatment.
This review discusses the histopathology, genetic and epigenetic alterations and potential treatment targets of the five major malignant pancreatic tumors - pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm, acinar cell carcinoma and pancreatoblastoma.
组织学特征已被证明对胰腺不同类型肿瘤的分类非常有用。因此，胰腺中的主要肿瘤类型长期以来一直根据其微观外观进行分类。
全外显子组测序、基因表达谱分析以及肿瘤发生途径知识的最新进展加深了我们对胰腺肿瘤潜在生物学特性的理解。这些进展不仅证实了传统的组织学分类系统，还为早期诊断和靶向治疗打开了新的大门。
本综述讨论了五种主要恶性胰腺肿瘤——胰腺导管腺癌、胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤、实性假乳头状肿瘤、腺泡细胞癌和胰腺母细胞瘤的组织病理学、遗传和表观遗传改变以及潜在的治疗靶点。
