Marmamula Srinivas, Khanna Rohit C, Rao Gullapalli N
Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao-International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India; Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India; School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2033, Australia.
Allen Foster Community Eye Health Research Centre, Gullapalli Pratibha Rao-International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye care, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2016 May 18;9(5):763-7. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2016.05.23. eCollection 2016.
To report the prevalence and causes of unilateral visual impairment (UVI) in rural population of all ages in rural Andhra Pradesh, India.
A population-based cross sectional study using a multi-stage cluster sampling methodology was carried out in West Godavari, Adilabad and Mahbubnagar districts in south India. A comprehensive eye examination that included presenting and best corrected visual acuity and dilated fundus examination was conducted by trained professionals. UVI is defined as presenting visual acuity <6/18 in one eye but ≥6/18 in other eye. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to test association of UVI with socio-demographic risk factors.
Data were analyzed for 6634/7771 participants after excluding those with bilateral visual impairment. The mean age of the participants was 27.4y (standard deviation: 17.9y), 51.9% were women and 49.1% were educated. The prevalence of UVI was 7.8% (95% CI: 7.2%-8.5%). Uncorrected refractive error (60.8%), cataract (17.4%) and retinal causes (6.6%) were the leading causes of UVI. On multiple logistic regression analyses, older age, not having education, living in well-off district had significantly higher odds of being associated with UVI. UVI was not associated with gender.
UVI is common in rural south India. Most of it is due to cataract and refractive errors, both of which can be addressed at primary and secondary levels of eye care. Burden of UVI should also be considered in planning eye care services.
报告印度安得拉邦农村各年龄段人群单侧视力损害（UVI）的患病率及病因。
采用多阶段整群抽样方法，在印度南部的西戈达瓦里、阿迪拉巴德和马赫布卜纳加尔地区开展了一项基于人群的横断面研究。由经过培训的专业人员进行全面的眼科检查，包括当前视力和最佳矫正视力以及散瞳眼底检查。UVI定义为一只眼睛的当前视力<6/18，而另一只眼睛的视力≥6/18。采用多元逻辑回归分析来检验UVI与社会人口统计学风险因素之间的关联。
排除双侧视力损害患者后，对6634/7771名参与者的数据进行了分析。参与者的平均年龄为27.4岁（标准差：17.9岁），51.9%为女性，49.1%受过教育。UVI的患病率为7.8%（95%CI：7.2%-8.5%）。未矫正屈光不正（60.8%）、白内障（17.4%）和视网膜病因（6.6%）是UVI的主要病因。多元逻辑回归分析显示，年龄较大、未受过教育、生活在富裕地区与UVI相关的几率显著更高。UVI与性别无关。
UVI在印度南部农村地区很常见。大多数是由白内障和屈光不正引起的，这两者都可以在初级和二级眼科护理层面得到解决。在规划眼科护理服务时也应考虑UVI的负担。
