成年期的工作场所暴露与认知功能：来自全国中年发展调查和职业信息网络（O*NET）的证据。
Workplace Exposures and Cognitive Function During Adulthood: Evidence From National Survey of Midlife Development and the O*NET.
作者信息
Grzywacz Joseph G, Segel-Karpas Dikla, Lachman Margie E
机构信息
Department of Family and Child Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee (Dr Grzywacz); Department of Gerontology, The University of Haifa (Dr Segel-Karpas); and Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Lachman).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2016 Jun;58(6):535-41. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000727.
OBJECTIVE
Expand understanding of the role of selected workplace exposures (ie, occupational complexity, conflict in the workplace, pace of work, and physical hazards) in adults' cognitive function.
METHODS
Cross-sectional data (n = 1991) from the second wave of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study; restricted to participants who completed telephone-based cognitive assessments of episodic memory, executive functioning, and self-perceived memory. Occupational exposure data were harvested from the ONET Release 6.0.
RESULTS
Greater complexity was associated with better self-perceived memory among women and men, and better episodic memory and executive functioning among women. Greater physical hazards were independently associated with poorer episodic memory and executive functioning.
CONCLUSIONS
Objective assessments of physical and psychosocial exposures in the workplace are independently associated with cognitive outcomes in adulthood, with psychosocial exposures being particularly pronounced among women.
目的
加深对特定工作场所暴露因素（即职业复杂性、工作场所冲突、工作节奏和身体危害）在成年人认知功能中作用的理解。
方法
来自美国中年（MIDUS）研究第二轮的横断面数据（n = 1991）；仅限于完成基于电话的情景记忆、执行功能和自我感知记忆认知评估的参与者。职业暴露数据取自职业信息网络（ONET）6.0版。
结果
更高的复杂性与男性和女性更好的自我感知记忆相关，与女性更好的情景记忆和执行功能相关。更大的身体危害与较差的情景记忆和执行功能独立相关。
结论
对工作场所身体和社会心理暴露的客观评估与成年期的认知结果独立相关，社会心理暴露在女性中尤为明显。
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