Faubert J, Battista M-C, Baillargeon J-P
J Anim Sci. 2016 May;94(5):1803-11. doi: 10.2527/jas.2015-0089.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition affecting women of reproductive age. This disorder is characterized by hyperandrogenism and anovulation and is frequently associated with comorbidities such as infertility, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors. Although the causes of PCOS are unknown, this review focuses on the most accepted theory involving insulin action but will also elaborate on a novel concept: the role of lipotoxicity in the development of androgen overproduction, in addition to its known role in insulin resistance. This review will also shed a spotlight on 2 drugs that target lipotoxicity and are, therefore, known or promising for the treatment of PCOS manifestations: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonists. This paper, therefore, emphasizes the need to further explore the pathophysiology of PCOS and particularly the role of lipotoxicity. Indeed, this new mechanism deserves attention to develop therapeutic approaches that will directly target the root of this condition and not only bandage its associated consequences.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种影响育龄女性的常见病症。这种疾病的特征是雄激素过多和无排卵，并且常伴有诸如不孕、代谢综合征、2型糖尿病和心血管危险因素等合并症。尽管PCOS的病因尚不清楚，但本综述聚焦于最被认可的涉及胰岛素作用的理论，同时也将详细阐述一个新概念：脂毒性在雄激素过度产生发展过程中的作用，此外还包括其在胰岛素抵抗中已知的作用。本综述还将着重介绍2种针对脂毒性的药物，因此它们对PCOS表现的治疗是已知有效的或有前景的：过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ和血管紧张素II 2型受体激动剂。因此，本文强调有必要进一步探索PCOS的病理生理学，特别是脂毒性的作用。事实上，这种新机制值得关注，以便开发直接针对该病症根源而非仅仅处理其相关后果的治疗方法。
