Smarr Melissa M, Sundaram Rajeshwari, Honda Masato, Kannan Kurunthachalam, Louis Germaine M Buck
Office of the Director, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2017 Apr;125(4):730-736. doi: 10.1289/EHP189. Epub 2016 Jun 10.
Human exposure to parabens and other antimicrobial chemicals is continual and pervasive. The hormone-disrupting properties of these environmental chemicals may adversely affect human reproduction.
We aimed to prospectively assess couples' urinary concentrations of antimicrobial chemicals in the context of fecundity, measured as time to pregnancy (TTP).
In a prospective cohort of 501 couples, we examined preconception urinary chemical concentrations of parabens, triclosan and triclorcarban in relation to TTP; chemical concentrations were modeled both continuously and in quartiles. Cox's proportional odds models for discrete survival time were used to estimate fecundability odds ratios (FORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for -defined confounders. In light of TTP being a couple-dependent outcome, both partner and couple-based exposure models were analyzed. In all models, FOR estimates < 1.0 denote diminished fecundity (longer TTP).
Overall, 347 (69%) couples became pregnant. The highest quartile of female urinary methyl paraben (MP) concentrations relative to the lowest reflected a 34% reduction in fecundity (aFOR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.97) and remained so when accounting for couples' concentrations (aFOR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.96). Similar associations were observed between ethyl paraben (EP) and couple fecundity for both partner and couple-based models (-trend = 0.02 and -trend = 0.05, respectively). No associations were observed with couple fecundity when chemicals were modeled continuously.
Higher quartiles of preconception urinary concentrations of MP and EP among female partners were associated with reduced couple fecundity in partner-specific and couple-based exposure models.
人类持续且广泛地接触对羟基苯甲酸酯及其他抗菌化学物质。这些环境化学物质的激素干扰特性可能会对人类生殖产生不利影响。
我们旨在前瞻性地评估夫妇尿液中抗菌化学物质的浓度与生育力之间的关系，生育力以怀孕时间（TTP）来衡量。
在一个由501对夫妇组成的前瞻性队列中，我们研究了受孕前尿液中对羟基苯甲酸酯、三氯生和三氯卡班的化学物质浓度与TTP的关系；化学物质浓度以连续和四分位数两种方式进行建模。使用离散生存时间的Cox比例风险模型来估计生育力优势比（FORs）和95%置信区间（CIs），并对定义的混杂因素进行调整。鉴于TTP是一个依赖夫妇双方的结果，我们分析了基于伴侣和基于夫妇的暴露模型。在所有模型中，FOR估计值<1.0表示生育力下降（TTP更长）。
总体而言，347对（69%）夫妇怀孕。与最低四分位数相比，女性尿液中甲基对羟基苯甲酸酯（MP）浓度的最高四分位数反映出生育力降低了34%（调整后的优势比[aFOR]=0.66；95%置信区间：0.45，0.97），在考虑夫妇双方浓度时仍然如此（aFOR=0.63；95%置信区间：0.41，0.96）。在基于伴侣和基于夫妇的模型中，对乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯（EP）和夫妇生育力之间也观察到了类似的关联（趋势分别为0.02和0.05）。当化学物质以连续方式建模时，未观察到与夫妇生育力的关联。
在基于伴侣和基于夫妇的暴露模型中，女性伴侣受孕前尿液中MP和EP浓度的较高四分位数与夫妇生育力降低有关。
