Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Institute of Silviculture, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Nat Commun. 2016 Jun 13;7:11877. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11877.
High landscape diversity is assumed to increase the number and level of ecosystem services. However, the interactions between ecosystem service provision, disturbance and landscape composition are poorly understood. Here we present a novel approach to include uncertainty in the optimization of land allocation for improving the provision of multiple ecosystem services. We refer to the rehabilitation of abandoned agricultural lands in Ecuador including two types of both afforestation and pasture rehabilitation, together with a succession option. Our results show that high compositional landscape diversity supports multiple ecosystem services (multifunction effect). This implicitly provides a buffer against uncertainty. Our work shows that active integration of uncertainty is only important when optimizing single or highly correlated ecosystem services and that the multifunction effect on landscape diversity is stronger than the uncertainty effect. This is an important insight to support a land-use planning based on ecosystem services.
高景观多样性被认为可以增加生态系统服务的数量和水平。然而，生态系统服务提供、干扰和景观组成之间的相互作用还了解甚少。在这里，我们提出了一种新的方法，将不确定性纳入土地分配的优化中，以提高多种生态系统服务的提供。我们指的是厄瓜多尔废弃农田的恢复，包括两种类型的造林和牧场恢复，以及一个演替选项。我们的结果表明，高组成景观多样性支持多种生态系统服务（多功能效应）。这隐含地提供了对不确定性的缓冲。我们的工作表明，只有在优化单一或高度相关的生态系统服务时，主动纳入不确定性才是重要的，而景观多样性的多功能效应强于不确定性效应。这是支持基于生态系统服务的土地利用规划的一个重要见解。
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