Uhde Britta, Hahn W Andreas, Griess Verena C, Knoke Thomas
Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354, Freising, Germany,
Environ Manage. 2015 Aug;56(2):373-88. doi: 10.1007/s00267-015-0503-3. Epub 2015 Apr 21.
Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a decision aid frequently used in the field of forest management planning. It includes the evaluation of multiple criteria such as the production of timber and non-timber forest products and tangible as well as intangible values of ecosystem services (ES). Hence, it is beneficial compared to those methods that take a purely financial perspective. Accordingly, MCDA methods are increasingly popular in the wide field of sustainability assessment. Hybrid approaches allow aggregating MCDA and, potentially, other decision-making techniques to make use of their individual benefits and leading to a more holistic view of the actual consequences that come with certain decisions. This review is providing a comprehensive overview of hybrid approaches that are used in forest management planning. Today, the scientific world is facing increasing challenges regarding the evaluation of ES and the trade-offs between them, for example between provisioning and regulating services. As the preferences of multiple stakeholders are essential to improve the decision process in multi-purpose forestry, participatory and hybrid approaches turn out to be of particular importance. Accordingly, hybrid methods show great potential for becoming most relevant in future decision making. Based on the review presented here, the development of models for the use in planning processes should focus on participatory modeling and the consideration of uncertainty regarding available information.
多标准决策分析（MCDA）是森林管理规划领域常用的一种决策辅助方法。它包括对多个标准的评估，如木材和非木材林产品的生产以及生态系统服务（ES）的有形和无形价值。因此，与那些仅从财务角度考虑的方法相比，它具有优势。相应地，MCDA方法在广泛的可持续性评估领域越来越受欢迎。混合方法允许将MCDA以及其他潜在的决策技术进行整合，以利用它们各自的优势，并对某些决策所带来的实际后果形成更全面的看法。本综述全面概述了森林管理规划中使用的混合方法。如今，科学界在评估生态系统服务及其之间的权衡（例如供给服务和调节服务之间的权衡）方面面临着越来越多的挑战。由于多个利益相关者的偏好对于改善多功能林业的决策过程至关重要，参与式和混合方法显得尤为重要。因此，混合方法在未来决策中极具潜力成为最相关的方法。基于本文的综述，用于规划过程的模型开发应侧重于参与式建模以及对可用信息不确定性的考虑。
