Institute of Forest Management, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-use Planning, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
Sci Adv. 2020 Jan 29;6(5):eaax7712. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aax7712. eCollection 2020 Jan.
Biodiversity's contribution to human welfare has become a key argument for maintaining and enhancing biodiversity in managed ecosystems. The functional relationship between biodiversity () and economic value () is, however, insufficiently understood, despite the premise of a positive-concave relationship that dominates scientific and political arenas. Here, we review how individual links between biodiversity, ecosystem functions (), and services affect resulting relationships. Our findings show that relationships are more variable, also taking negative-concave/convex or strictly concave and convex forms. This functional form is driven not only by the underlying relationship but also by the number and type of ecosystem services and their potential trade-offs considered, the effects of inputs, and the type of utility function used to represent human preferences. Explicitly accounting for these aspects will enhance the substance and coverage of future valuation studies and allow more nuanced conclusions, particularly for managed ecosystems.
生物多样性对人类福祉的贡献已成为维持和增强管理生态系统生物多样性的一个关键论据。尽管在科学和政治领域占主导地位的是一种凸凹关系的前提，但生物多样性（）与经济价值（）之间的功能关系仍未得到充分理解。在这里，我们回顾了生物多样性、生态系统功能（）和服务之间的各个联系如何影响由此产生的关系。我们的研究结果表明，关系更加多变，也可以采取凹/convex 或严格凹和凸的形式。这种功能形式不仅受到潜在关系的驱动，还受到所考虑的生态系统服务的数量和类型及其潜在的权衡、投入的影响以及用于表示人类偏好的效用函数的类型的驱动。明确考虑这些方面将提高未来估值研究的实质和涵盖范围，并允许得出更细微的结论，特别是对于管理生态系统。
