Ames R G, Brown S K, Mengle D C, Kahn E, Stratton J W, Jackson R J
Hazard Evaluation Section, California Department of Health Services, Berkeley 94704.
Am J Ind Med. 1989;15(2):143-50. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700150203.
Cholinesterase activity measurements for 542 California agricultural pesticide applicators under medical supervision during the first 9 months of 1985 were analyzed. Twenty-six workers, 4.8% of the sample, had cholinesterase values at or below the California threshold values for removal from continued exposure to cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides (60% of baseline for red blood cell cholinesterase and 50% of baseline for plasma cholinesterase activity). Eight of these 26 workers, 31.5%, had pesticide-related illnesses. Pesticides most frequently associated with cholinesterase depressions exceeding California threshold values included mevinphos (Phosdrin), oxydemeton methyl (Metasystox-R), methomyl (Lannate), and acephate (Orthene); these pesticides included organophosphates in toxicity categories I and II and one carbamate in toxicity category I.
对1985年前9个月在医学监督下的542名加利福尼亚农业农药施用者的胆碱酯酶活性测量结果进行了分析。26名工人，占样本的4.8%，其胆碱酯酶值等于或低于加利福尼亚州规定的停止持续接触胆碱酯酶抑制性农药的阈值（红细胞胆碱酯酶为基线的60%，血浆胆碱酯酶活性为基线的50%）。这26名工人中有8名，即31.5%，患有与农药相关的疾病。与胆碱酯酶降低超过加利福尼亚州阈值最常相关的农药包括速灭磷（磷君）、氧化乐果（氧乐果）、灭多威（万灵）和乙酰甲胺磷（高灭磷）；这些农药包括毒性类别为I和II的有机磷农药以及毒性类别为I的一种氨基甲酸酯类农药。
