Mitra Suman, Mukherjee Anindya, Khanra Dibbendhu, Bhowmik Ananya, Roy Krishnendu, Talukdar Arunansu
Department of General Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
LPS Department of Cardiology, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Glob Infect Dis. 2016 Apr-Jun;8(2):82-6. doi: 10.4103/0974-777X.182124.
Parasitic opportunistic infections (POIs) frequently occur in HIV/AIDS patients and affect the quality of life.
This study assessing the standard organisms in the stool of HIV-positive patients, their comparison with HIV-negative controls, their relation with various factors, is the first of its kind in the eastern part of India.
hospital-based case-control study.
A total of 194 antiretroviral therapy naïve HIV-positive patients (18-60 years) were taken as cases and 98 age- and sex-matched HIV-negative family members as controls. Demographical, clinical, biochemical, and microbiological parameters were studied.
Odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and P (< 0.05 is to be significant) were calculated using Epi Info 7 software.
POI was significantly higher among HIV-seropositive cases (61.86%) (P < 0.001). Cryptosporidium was the most common POI in HIV-seropositive patients overall and without diarrhea; Entameba was the most common POI in patients with acute diarrhea, and Isospora was the most common POI in the patients having chronic diarrhea. Entameba was the most common POI in CD4 count <350 cells/μl while for CD4 count >350 cells/μl Cryptosporidium was the most common POI. Mean CD4 count was significantly (P < 0.001) lower among people having multiple infections. Male sex, hemoglobin <10 g/dl, WHO Clinical Stage 3 or 4, tuberculosis, absolute eosinophil count of more than 540/dl, CD4 count <350 cells/μl, and seroconcordance of spouses were significantly associated with HIV-seropositive cases having POI (P < 0.05).
Physicians should advise HIV-infected patients to undergo routine evaluation for POI, and provision of chemoprophylaxis should be made in appropriate settings.
寄生虫性机会性感染（POIs）在艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中频繁发生，并影响生活质量。
本研究旨在评估艾滋病毒阳性患者粪便中的标准生物体，将其与艾滋病毒阴性对照进行比较，并研究其与各种因素的关系，这在印度东部尚属首次。
基于医院的病例对照研究。
共选取194例未接受过抗逆转录病毒治疗的18 - 60岁艾滋病毒阳性患者作为病例，98例年龄和性别匹配的艾滋病毒阴性家庭成员作为对照。对人口统计学、临床、生化和微生物学参数进行研究。
使用Epi Info 7软件计算比值比、95%置信区间和P值（P < 0.05具有显著性）。
艾滋病毒血清阳性病例中的POI显著更高（61.86%）（P < 0.001）。隐孢子虫是艾滋病毒血清阳性患者总体及无腹泻患者中最常见的POI；内阿米巴是急性腹泻患者中最常见的POI，等孢子球虫是慢性腹泻患者中最常见的POI。CD4细胞计数<350个/μl时内阿米巴是最常见的POI，而CD4细胞计数>350个/μl时隐孢子虫是最常见的POI。多重感染患者的平均CD4细胞计数显著更低（P < 0.001）。男性、血红蛋白<10 g/dl、世界卫生组织临床分期3或4期、结核病、绝对嗜酸性粒细胞计数超过540/dl、CD4细胞计数<350个/μl以及配偶血清一致性与患有POI的艾滋病毒血清阳性病例显著相关（P < 0.05）。
医生应建议艾滋病毒感染患者接受POI的常规评估，并在适当情况下提供化学预防措施。
