加纳海岸角教学医院艾滋病毒转诊诊所中与艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者隐孢子虫病相关的社会行为风险因素。
Socio-Behavioral Risk Factors Associated with Cryptosporidiosis in HIV/AIDS Patients Visiting the HIV Referral Clinic at Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana.
作者信息
Opoku Yeboah K, Boampong Johnson N, Ayi Irene, Kwakye-Nuako Godwin, Obiri-Yeboah Dorcas, Koranteng Harriet, Ghartey-Kwansah George, Asare Kwame K
机构信息
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Collage of Health and Allied Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
出版信息
Open AIDS J. 2018 Sep 12;12:106-116. doi: 10.2174/1874613601812010106. eCollection 2018.
OBJECTIVE
To identify the socio-behavioral risk factors associated with cryptosporidiosis among HIV/AIDS patients with chronic diarrhea symptoms visiting the HIV referral clinic at Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 HIV/AIDS patients with recurrent diarrhea. Questionnaires were administered to collect social and behavioral risk factors associated with and other opportunistic protozoan parasitic infections in HIV patients. Stool samples were collected for the diagnosis of enteric protozoan pathogens using modified Ziehl-Neelsen and acid-fast staining methods. CD4 cells counts of study subjects were obtained from patients clinical records. The data obtained were analyzed using Pearson chi-square and multivariate-adjusted statistics tool on SPSS 16 for Windows.
RESULTS
Twenty-seven (54%) of the subjects were infected with enteric protozoan pathogens. The prevalences of , and infections were 46%, 32% and 16%, respectively. infection was significantly associated with drinking water (×=13.528, p<0.001), was associated with the type of drinking water (×=14.931, p<0.001) and toilet facilities used by the study subjects (×=12.463, p<0.01), whiles infection was associated with hand washing behavior (×=12.463, p<0.01). Enteric protozoans were frequently encountered among subjects with CD4+ T-cell count <200 cells/mm. However, coinfection of & spp was not observed in CD4 cell count <200 and >500 cells/mm Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factor for infection among HIV/AIDS patients was the source of drinking water (pipe borne water 76.2% prevalence: sachet water 25%; OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.03-0.39, p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
We report the risk factor for exposure of infection among HIV/AIDS patients for the first time in Ghana. The contamination of drinking water by protozoan parasites should be a public health concern. These results provide the stepping block to understand the transmission dynamics of and other opportunistic pathogens in HIV/AIDS infected patients in Ghana.
目的
确定加纳海岸角教学医院艾滋病病毒/艾滋病（HIV/AIDS）转诊门诊中出现慢性腹泻症状的患者感染隐孢子虫病的社会行为风险因素。
方法
对50例复发性腹泻的HIV/AIDS患者进行了一项横断面研究。通过问卷调查收集与HIV患者隐孢子虫病及其他机会性原生动物寄生虫感染相关的社会和行为风险因素。采集粪便样本，采用改良齐-尼氏染色法和抗酸染色法诊断肠道原生动物病原体。研究对象的CD4细胞计数从患者临床记录中获取。使用SPSS 16 for Windows软件中的Pearson卡方检验和多变量校正统计工具对获得的数据进行分析。
结果
27例（54%）受试者感染了肠道原生动物病原体。隐孢子虫、贾第虫和微孢子虫感染率分别为46%、32%和16%。隐孢子虫感染与饮用水显著相关（χ²=13.528，p<0.001），贾第虫与饮用水类型（χ²=14.931，p<0.001）及研究对象使用的厕所设施（χ²=12.463，p<0.01）有关，而微孢子虫感染与洗手行为有关（χ²=12.463，p<0.01）。CD4+T细胞计数<200个细胞/mm³的受试者中经常发现肠道原生动物。然而，在CD4细胞计数<200个细胞/mm³和>500个细胞/mm³的患者中未观察到隐孢子虫和贾第虫的合并感染。多变量分析显示，HIV/AIDS患者感染隐孢子虫的风险因素是饮用水来源（管道供水患病率76.2%：袋装水25%；OR=0.10，95%CI：0.03-0.39，p<0.001）。
结论
我们首次在加纳报告了HIV/AIDS患者感染隐孢子虫的风险因素。原生动物寄生虫对饮用水的污染应引起公共卫生关注。这些结果为了解加纳HIV/AIDS感染患者中隐孢子虫及其他机会性病原体的传播动态提供了基础。
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