Jensen Eric L, Roussell Aaron
Department of Political Science, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, MS 3165, Moscow, ID 83844-3165, United States.
Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Washington State University, Johnson Tower 701, P.O. Box 644872, Pullman, WA 99164-4872, United States.
Int J Drug Policy. 2016 Jul;33:96-101. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.02.023. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
Washington State legalized the sale of recreational cannabis in 2012. This paper describes the unfolding of the market regulatory regime in an eastern portion of the state, including field descriptions to illustrate the setting.
We made observations and conducted interviews of the local supply chain comprising a producer/processor, analytic facility, and retail establishments as well as querying the state director of the regulatory board.
Interviews and observations of facilities suggest an overwhelming concern for black market diversion drives state regulatory efforts. The ongoing dialogue between market actors and the state has resulted in a more equitable distribution of profits at different stages in the process. State safety regulations have thus far been shifted to independent laboratories. Banks and insurance companies have slowly begun making inroads into the industry, despite federal prohibition.
The law was conceived as a social justice remedy, but the bulk of the legal and regulatory activity surrounds cannabis marketplace management. This has been characterized by concerns for black market diversion, producer/processor profits, and a hands-off approach to safety regulation. Minor cannabis violations as a pathway to criminal justice system involvement have been reduced substantially but disproportionate enforcement upon racial/ethnic minorities continues.
华盛顿州于2012年将休闲大麻的销售合法化。本文描述了该州东部地区市场监管制度的发展情况，包括实地描述以说明背景。
我们对当地供应链进行了观察并开展了访谈，该供应链包括生产商/加工商、分析机构和零售企业，同时还询问了监管委员会的州主任。
对相关机构的访谈和观察表明，对黑市转移的极度担忧推动了州监管工作。市场参与者与州政府之间持续的对话导致了该过程不同阶段利润分配更加公平。到目前为止，州安全法规已转交给独立实验室。尽管有联邦禁令，但银行和保险公司已慢慢开始涉足该行业。
该法律被视为一种社会正义补救措施，但大部分法律和监管活动都围绕大麻市场管理。其特点是担心黑市转移、生产商/加工商利润以及对安全监管采取不干涉的方法。作为卷入刑事司法系统途径的轻微大麻违规行为已大幅减少，但对少数族裔的执法不均衡情况仍在继续。
