State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2016 Jul 19;50(14):7861-9. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00075. Epub 2016 Jun 23.
In the absence of particulate matter (PM) control devices, residential coal combustion contributes significantly to ambient PM pollution. Characterizing PM emissions from residential coal combustion with high time resolution is beneficial for developing control policies and evaluating the environmental impact of PM. This study reports the evolution of submicrometer organic aerosols (OA) during a complete residential coal combustion process, that is, from fire start to fire extinction. Three commonly used coal types (bituminous, anthracite, and semicoke coals) were evaluated in a typical residential stove in China. For all three types of coal, the OA emission exhibited distinct characteristics in the four stages, that is, ignition, fierce combustion, relatively stable combustion, and ember combustion. OA emissions during the ignition stage accounted for 58.2-85.4% of the total OA emission of a complete combustion process. The OA concentration decreased rapidly during the fierce combustion stage and remained low during the relatively stable combustion stage. During these two stages, a significant ion peak of m/z 73 from organic acids were observed. The degree of oxidation of the OA increased from the first stage to the last stage. Implications for ambient OA source-apportionment and residential PM emission characterization and control are discussed.
在缺乏颗粒物（PM）控制装置的情况下，居民燃煤对环境空气中 PM 污染的贡献显著。以高时间分辨率对居民燃煤 PM 排放进行特征描述，有利于制定控制政策和评估 PM 的环境影响。本研究报告了完整的居民燃煤过程中亚微米有机气溶胶（OA）的演变情况，即从着火到熄火。在中国典型的民用炉灶中评估了三种常用的煤（烟煤、无烟煤和半焦煤）。对于这三种煤，OA 的排放在四个阶段，即着火、剧烈燃烧、相对稳定燃烧和余烬燃烧，表现出明显的特征。OA 在着火阶段的排放量占完整燃烧过程中总 OA 排放量的 58.2%-85.4%。在剧烈燃烧阶段，OA 浓度迅速下降，在相对稳定燃烧阶段保持较低水平。在这两个阶段，观察到来自有机酸的 m/z 73 的显著离子峰。OA 的氧化程度从第一阶段增加到最后阶段。讨论了对环境 OA 源解析和居民 PM 排放特征及控制的影响。
