Anderson Annie S, Caswell Stephen, Macleod Maureen, Steele Robert Jc, Berg Jonathan, Dunlop Jacqueline, Stead Martine, Eadie Douglas, O'Carroll Ronan E
Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Mailbox 7, Level 7, Ninewells Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
East of Scotland Genetics Service, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
J Genet Couns. 2017 Feb;26(1):40-51. doi: 10.1007/s10897-016-9977-2. Epub 2016 Jun 17.
The current work aimed to assess health behaviors, perceived risk and control over breast/colorectal cancer risk and views on lifestyle advice amongst attendees at cancer family history clinics. Participants attending the East of Scotland Genetics Service were invited to complete a questionnaire (demographic data, weight and height, health behaviors and psycho-social measures of risk and perceived control) and to participate in an in-depth interview. The questionnaire was completed by 237 (49 %) of attendees, ranging from 18 to 77 years (mean age 46 (±10) years). Reported smoking rates (11 %) were modest, most (54 %) had a BMI > 25 kg/m, 55 % had low levels of physical activity, 58 % reported inappropriate alcohol intakes and 90 % had fiber intakes indicative of a low plant diet. Regression analysis indicated that belief in health professional control was associated with higher, and belief in fatalism with poorer health behavior. Qualitative findings highlighted doubts about the link between lifestyle and cancer, and few were familiar with the current evidence. Whilst lifestyle advice was considered interesting in general there was little appetite for non-tailored guidance. In conclusion, current health behaviors are incongruent with cancer risk reduction guidance amongst patients who have actively sought advice on disease risk. There are some indications that lifestyle advice would be welcomed but endorsement requires a sensitive and flexible approach, and the acceptability of lifestyle interventions remains to be explored.
当前的研究旨在评估癌症家族史诊所的就诊者的健康行为、对乳腺癌/结直肠癌风险的感知风险与控制，以及对生活方式建议的看法。邀请苏格兰东部遗传学服务机构的参与者填写一份问卷（包括人口统计学数据、体重和身高、健康行为以及风险和感知控制的心理社会指标）并参与深入访谈。237名（49%）参与者完成了问卷，年龄在18岁至77岁之间（平均年龄46（±10）岁）。报告的吸烟率（11%）适中，大多数人（54%）的体重指数>25kg/m²，55%的人身体活动水平较低，58%的人报告饮酒不当，90%的人纤维摄入量表明其植物性饮食水平较低。回归分析表明，相信健康专业人员的控制与更好的健康行为相关，而相信宿命论则与较差的健康行为相关。定性研究结果突出了对生活方式与癌症之间联系的怀疑，很少有人熟悉当前的证据。虽然总体上认为生活方式建议很有趣，但对非针对性指导的兴趣不大。总之，在积极寻求疾病风险建议的患者中，当前的健康行为与降低癌症风险的指导不一致。有迹象表明生活方式建议会受到欢迎，但认可需要一种敏感和灵活的方法，生活方式干预的可接受性仍有待探索。
