Malet Alfonso, Azpeitia Angel, Gutiérrez Diego, Moreno Francisco, San Miguel Moncín María Del Mar, Cumplido José Angel, Lluch Magdalena, Baró Eva, Roger Albert
Al.lergo Centre, Barcelona, Spain.
Medical Department, Stallergenes Iberica, Barcelona, Spain.
Adv Ther. 2016 Jul;33(7):1199-214. doi: 10.1007/s12325-016-0347-0. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
Allergen immunotherapy is a long-term treatment that has been associated with patient adherence issues. The aim of the study was to increase the knowledge on compliance of patients allergic to house dust mites, receiving sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT).
A retrospective observational study was performed in 53 Spanish allergy units. We enrolled patients undergoing the SLIT treatment for house dust mites including a scheduled control visit 12 months after initiating the therapy. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of compliance using three methods. In the first step, an allergist evaluated the patients according to the results of an interview and the existing medical records. The subjects taking more than 80% of the overall prescription were defined as compliant. The remaining noncompliant patients were divided into groups taking less than 25%, 25-50%, and 50-80% of the prescribed SLIT. In the second stage, we conducted the Morisky-Green test. Finally, the noncompliant patients were asked to fill a self-report assessment form. Data were stratified into age groups. The potential factors affecting compliance were also investigated.
Overall, 380 subjects participated in the study. The compliance rate was 79.7%, and the treatment discontinuation rate was 22.5%, while 66.8% of patients were adherent (both compliant and continuing with the treatment). The results showed that children were the most compliant and adolescents the least compliant (86.6% and 60.9%, respectively). The main reason for noncompliance was "forgetting some doses" in 31.0% of the children, 48.0% of the adolescents, and 53.2% of the adults. Compliance was associated with the following factors: age, number of annual control visits, and reduction in symptomatic medication.
Our results showed that two out of three patients with house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis adhered to the SLIT treatment. Multidisciplinary and integral solutions are needed to improve the compliance, with special attention paid to adolescents.
Stallergenes Greer Spain.
变应原免疫疗法是一种长期治疗方法，一直存在患者依从性问题。本研究的目的是增加对接受舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）的尘螨过敏患者依从性的了解。
在53个西班牙过敏科进行了一项回顾性观察研究。我们纳入了接受尘螨SLIT治疗的患者，包括在开始治疗12个月后安排的对照访视。我们使用三种方法对依从性进行了全面评估。第一步，过敏症专科医生根据访谈结果和现有病历对患者进行评估。服用超过总体处方80%的受试者被定义为依从。其余不依从的患者被分为服用规定SLIT的比例低于25%、25%-50%和50%-80%的组。在第二阶段，我们进行了Morisky-Green测试。最后，要求不依从的患者填写一份自我报告评估表。数据按年龄组分层。还调查了影响依从性的潜在因素。
总体而言，380名受试者参与了研究。依从率为79.7%，治疗中断率为22.5%，而66.8%的患者坚持治疗（既依从又继续治疗）。结果表明，儿童最依从，青少年最不依从（分别为86.6%和60.9%）。不依从的主要原因是“忘记某些剂量”，在31.0%的儿童、48.0%的青少年和53.2%的成年人中。依从性与以下因素相关：年龄、每年对照访视次数和症状性药物的减少。
我们的结果表明，三分之二的尘螨诱发过敏性鼻炎患者坚持SLIT治疗。需要多学科和综合解决方案来提高依从性，尤其要关注青少年。
Stallergenes Greer西班牙公司。
