Girardi Felipe A, Bruch Gisele E, Peixoto Carolina S, Dal Bosco Lidiane, Sahoo Sangram K, Gonçalves Carla O F, Santos Adelina P, Furtado Clascídia A, Fantini Cristiano, Barros Daniela M
Laboratório de Neurociências / Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas - Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil.
Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
J Appl Toxicol. 2017 Feb;37(2):214-221. doi: 10.1002/jat.3346. Epub 2016 Jun 20.
Single-wall carbon nanotubes functionalized with polyethylene glycol (SWCNT-PEG) are promising materials for biomedical applications such as diagnostic devices and controlled drug-release systems. However, several questions about their toxicological profile remain unanswered. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the action of SWCNT-PEG in Danio rerio zebrafish embryos at the molecular, physiological and morphological levels. The SWCNT used in this study were synthesized by the high-pressure carbon monoxide process, purified and then functionalized with distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine block copolymer-PEG (molecular weight 2 kDa). The characterization process was carried out with low-resolution transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Raman spectroscopy. Individual zebrafish embryos were exposed to the SWCNT-PEG. Toxic effects occurred only at the highest concentration tested (1 ppm) and included high mortality rates, delayed hatching and decreased total larval length. For all the concentrations tested, the alkaline comet assay revealed no genotoxicity, and Raman spectroscopy measurements on the histological slices revealed no intracellular nanotubes. The results shown here demonstrate that SWCNT-PEG has low toxicity in zebrafish embryos, but more studies are needed to understand what mechanisms are involved. However, the presence of residual metals is possibly among the primary mechanisms responsible for the toxic effects observed, because the purification process was not able to remove all metal contamination, as demonstrated by the thermogravimetric analysis. More attention must be given to the toxicity of these nanomaterials before they are used in biomedical applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
用聚乙二醇功能化的单壁碳纳米管（SWCNT-PEG）是用于生物医学应用（如诊断设备和控释药物系统）的有前景的材料。然而，关于它们的毒理学特征的几个问题仍未得到解答。因此，本研究的目的是在分子、生理和形态学水平上研究SWCNT-PEG对斑马鱼胚胎的作用。本研究中使用的SWCNT通过高压一氧化碳法合成，纯化后用二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺嵌段共聚物-PEG（分子量2 kDa）进行功能化。表征过程通过低分辨率透射电子显微镜、热重分析和拉曼光谱进行。将单个斑马鱼胚胎暴露于SWCNT-PEG。仅在测试的最高浓度（1 ppm）下出现毒性作用，包括高死亡率、孵化延迟和幼虫总长度减少。对于所有测试浓度，碱性彗星试验未显示遗传毒性，对组织切片的拉曼光谱测量未发现细胞内纳米管。此处所示结果表明SWCNT-PEG在斑马鱼胚胎中具有低毒性，但需要更多研究来了解涉及哪些机制。然而，残余金属的存在可能是观察到的毒性作用的主要机制之一，因为热重分析表明纯化过程无法去除所有金属污染。在这些纳米材料用于生物医学应用之前，必须更加关注它们的毒性。版权所有© 2016约翰威立父子有限公司。
