Evans Clare R, Onnela Jukka-Pekka, Williams David R, Subramanian S V
University of Oregon, Department of Sociology, 736 Prince Lucien Campbell, 1415 Kincaid, Eugene, OR 97403, United States.
Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States.
Soc Sci Med. 2016 Aug;162:21-31. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.06.002. Epub 2016 Jun 3.
Adolescent health and behaviors are influenced by multiple contexts, including schools, neighborhoods, and social networks, yet these contexts are rarely considered simultaneously. In this study we combine social network community detection analysis and cross-classified multilevel modeling in order to compare the contributions of each of these three contexts to the total variation in adolescent body mass index (BMI). Wave 1 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health is used, and for robustness we conduct the analysis in both the core sample (122 schools; N = 14,144) and a sub-set of the sample (16 schools; N = 3335), known as the saturated sample due to its completeness of neighborhood data. After adjusting for relevant covariates, we find that the school-level and neighborhood-level contributions to the variance are modest compared with the network community-level (σ(2)school = 0.069, σ(2)neighborhood = 0.144, σ(2)network = 0.463). These results are robust to two alternative algorithms for specifying network communities, and to analysis in the saturated sample. While this study does not determine whether network effects are attributable to social influence or selection, it does highlight the salience of adolescent social networks and indicates that they may be a promising context to address in the design of health promotion programs.
青少年的健康和行为受到多种环境的影响，包括学校、社区和社交网络，但这些环境很少被同时考虑。在本研究中，我们结合社交网络社区检测分析和交叉分类多层次建模，以比较这三种环境对青少年体重指数（BMI）总变异的贡献。我们使用了青少年到成人健康纵向研究的第一波数据，为了确保稳健性，我们在核心样本（122所学校；N = 14,144）和样本子集（16所学校；N = 3335）中进行了分析，该样本子集由于其邻里数据的完整性而被称为饱和样本。在调整了相关协变量后，我们发现与网络社区层面相比，学校层面和邻里层面对方差的贡献较小（σ(2)学校 = 0.069，σ(2)邻里 = 0.144，σ(2)网络 = 0.463）。这些结果对于指定网络社区的两种替代算法以及在饱和样本中的分析都是稳健的。虽然本研究没有确定网络效应是归因于社会影响还是选择，但它确实凸显了青少年社交网络的重要性，并表明它们可能是健康促进项目设计中一个有前景的关注点。
