Department of Physical Therapy, Universidad Católica de Ávila, Avila, Spain.
Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
Braz J Phys Ther. 2016 Jun 16;20(5):412-421. doi: 10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0175.
Cultural and social factors play an important role in the development and persistence of Low Back Pain (LBP). Nevertheless, there are few studies investigating differences in LBP features between countries.
To determine differences in pain perception between individuals with LBP living in Brazil and Spain.
Thirty Spanish individuals and 30 age- and sex-comparable Brazilian individuals with LBP were recruited from the Public Health Services of both countries. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale and the pain rating index (PRI), the number of words chosen (NWC), and the present pain index (PPI) extracted from the McGill Pain Questionnaire were used to assess pain. The Oswestry Disability Index, the Short Form-36, Beck Depression Inventory-II, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were also applied. Differences between countries and the correlation between demographic and clinical variables in each country were assessed with parametric and the nonparametric tests.
A significant Country by Gender interaction was found for the PRI total score (P=0.038), but not for intensity of pain, disability, PPI, or NWC, in which Spanish women exhibited greater pain ratio than Spanish men (P=0.014), and no gender differences were identified in Brazilians. The Spanish group showed a consistent pattern of correlations for clinical data. Within Brazilian patients, fewer correlations were found and all of the coefficients were lower than those in the Spanish group.
The pain perception in patients with LBP is different depending on the country. Within Spanish patients, LBP is considered a more global entity affecting multidimensional contexts.
文化和社会因素在腰痛（LBP）的发展和持续中起着重要作用。然而，很少有研究调查不同国家之间 LBP 特征的差异。
确定生活在巴西和西班牙的 LBP 个体之间疼痛感知的差异。
从两国的公共卫生服务中招募了 30 名西班牙人和 30 名年龄和性别相匹配的巴西 LBP 个体。使用数字疼痛评分量表和疼痛评分指数（PRI）、选择的单词数（NWC）和麦吉尔疼痛问卷中提取的目前疼痛指数（PPI）来评估疼痛。还应用了 Oswestry 残疾指数、简短形式-36、贝克抑郁量表 II 和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数。使用参数和非参数检验评估了国家之间的差异以及每个国家的人口统计学和临床变量之间的相关性。
PRI 总分存在显著的国家与性别交互作用（P=0.038），但疼痛强度、残疾、PPI 或 NWC 不存在交互作用，西班牙女性的疼痛比值大于西班牙男性（P=0.014），而巴西人则没有性别差异。西班牙组的临床数据呈一致的相关性模式。在巴西患者中，相关性较少，所有系数均低于西班牙组。
腰痛患者的疼痛感知因国家而异。在西班牙患者中，LBP 被认为是一种更全面的实体，影响多维背景。
