Murray R, Paul G L, Seifert J G, Eddy D E, Halaby G A
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Quaker Oats Company, Barrington, IL 60010.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989 Jun;21(3):275-82.
The purpose of this study was to compare the physiological, sensory, and exercise performance responses to ingestion of 6% glucose, 6% fructose, and 6% sucrose solutions during cycling exercise. Twelve subjects completed three sessions consisting of 115 min of intermittent cycle ergometer exercise at 65-80% of VO2max followed by a timed performance bout requiring the completion of 600 pedal revolutions. During each of five 4-min rest periods, subjects consumed 3 ml.kg LBM-1 of one of the beverages. Beverages were presented in counterbalanced, double-blind fashion. Heart rate, VO2, plasma urate, plasma lactate, respiratory exchange ratio, and carbohydrate combustion rates changed similarly among beverage treatment. However, fructose was associated with lower plasma glucose and serum insulin, a larger loss of plasma volume, greater gastrointestinal distress and relative perceived exertion ratings, and higher plasma or serum concentrations of free fatty acids, fructose, and cortisol values than sucrose or glucose (P less than 0.05). Compared to sucrose and glucose, fructose feeding also resulted in lower lactate and HR values during the performance bout (P less than 0.05). Mean +/- SE cycling performance times were faster with sucrose and glucose than with fructose: 419.4 +/- 21.0 s, 423.9 +/- 21.2 s, and 488.3 +/- 21.1 s, respectively (P less than 0.05). Relative to 6% solutions of sucrose and glucose, ingestion of a 6% fructose beverage is associated with gastrointestinal distress, compromised physiological response, and reduced exercise capacity.
本研究的目的是比较在自行车运动期间摄入6%葡萄糖、6%果糖和6%蔗糖溶液后的生理、感官和运动表现反应。12名受试者完成了三个阶段的实验，包括在65 - 80%最大摄氧量下进行115分钟的间歇性自行车测力计运动，随后进行一次定时表现测试，要求完成600次踏板转动。在五个4分钟的休息期的每一个期间，受试者饮用3 ml·kg去脂体重-1的一种饮料。饮料以平衡、双盲的方式提供。在不同饮料处理组中，心率、摄氧量、血浆尿酸、血浆乳酸、呼吸交换率和碳水化合物燃烧率的变化相似。然而，与蔗糖或葡萄糖相比，果糖与较低的血浆葡萄糖和血清胰岛素水平、更大的血浆容量损失、更严重的胃肠道不适和相对自觉用力评分以及更高的血浆或血清游离脂肪酸、果糖和皮质醇浓度相关（P<0.05）。与蔗糖和葡萄糖相比，摄入果糖还导致在表现测试期间乳酸和心率值较低（P<0.05）。蔗糖和葡萄糖组的平均±标准误自行车运动表现时间比果糖组更快：分别为419.4±21.0秒、423.9±21.2秒和488.3±21.1秒（P<0.05）。相对于6%的蔗糖和葡萄糖溶液，摄入6%的果糖饮料会导致胃肠道不适、生理反应受损和运动能力下降。
