Knob Deise Aline, Alessio Dileta Regina Moro, Thaler Neto Andre, Mozzaquatro Fabrício Desconsi
Department of Animal Production and Food, University of Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages, Brazil.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pampa, Campus of Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana, Brazil.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2016 Oct;48(7):1409-13. doi: 10.1007/s11250-016-1103-9. Epub 2016 Jun 25.
Crossbreed dairy breeds, such as Holstein × dairy type of Simmental, have been generally used to improve fertility, udder health, and longevity of dairy herds. The aim was to compare the reproductive performance and survival of Holstein and Holstein × Simmental crossbred cows. Data from two farms were used as follows: one located in Bom Retiro, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. and another in Carambeí, Paraná state. Information concerning birth, inseminations, and parity date were obtained from the management software of the farms, generating information regarding the calving interval, days between calving to first service, conception rate, and age at first calving. At one of the farms, calving was monitoring to quantify dystocia. Live weight as well as body condition score (BCS) of cows and information of culling were obtained to determine the survival rate. Data were analyzed by variance analysis and by logistic regression. Crossbred Holstein × Simmental cows had better reproductive performance than the Holstein cows, characterized by lower calving interval (381 vs. 445 days), higher conception rate (37.3 vs. 33.6 %), and shorter calving to first service interval (65 vs. 89 days). These results were related to a higher BCS in crossbred cows (3.63 vs. 2.94 points). Crossbred Holstein × Simmental cows had higher survival rate than Holstein cows on the second parity (83 vs. 92 %). No differences between genetic groups were observed (P > 0.05) for body weight and dystocia. In conclusion, Holstein × Simmental crossbred cows have better reproductive performance and higher survival rate than Holstein cows.
杂交奶牛品种，如荷斯坦×西门塔尔奶牛类型，通常被用于提高奶牛群的繁殖力、乳房健康和寿命。目的是比较荷斯坦奶牛和荷斯坦×西门塔尔杂交奶牛的繁殖性能和存活率。使用了来自两个农场的数据，如下所示：一个位于巴西圣卡塔琳娜州的博姆雷蒂罗，另一个位于巴拉那州的卡拉姆贝。有关出生、授精和胎次日期的信息从农场的管理软件中获取，生成了关于产犊间隔、产犊至首次配种间隔天数、受孕率和首次产犊年龄的信息。在其中一个农场，对产犊情况进行监测以量化难产情况。获取奶牛的体重以及体况评分（BCS）和淘汰信息以确定存活率。数据通过方差分析和逻辑回归进行分析。荷斯坦×西门塔尔杂交奶牛的繁殖性能优于荷斯坦奶牛，其特点是产犊间隔较短（381天对445天）、受孕率较高（37.3%对33.6%）以及产犊至首次配种间隔较短（65天对89天）。这些结果与杂交奶牛较高的体况评分（3.63分对2.94分）有关。荷斯坦×西门塔尔杂交奶牛在第二胎的存活率高于荷斯坦奶牛（83%对92%）。在体重和难产方面，未观察到遗传组之间的差异（P＞0.05）。总之，荷斯坦×西门塔尔杂交奶牛比荷斯坦奶牛具有更好的繁殖性能和更高的存活率。
