Knob Deise Aline, Scholz Armin Manfred, Alessio Dileta Regina Moro, Mendes Bruna Paula Bergamaschi, Perazzoli Laiz, Kappes Roberto, Thaler Neto Andre
Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Avenida Luis de Camões, 2090, Lages, Santa Catarina, Cep: 88520-000, Brazil.
Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Tierärztlichen Fakultät, Lehr- und Versuchsgut Oberschleißheim, St-Hubertus Straße, 12, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2020 Jul;52(4):1639-1647. doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-02174-9. Epub 2019 Dec 17.
The objective of this study was to compare the reproductive performance, milk yield and composition, and udder health and conformation traits of Holstein (Ho), F1, and R1 crossbred Ho × Simmental (Sim) cows. Three commercial dairy farms in south Brazil were used as the research units. All farms held Ho, F1, and R1 crossbred Ho × Sim (¾ Ho × ¼ Sim and ¾ Sim × ¼ Ho) cows. The collection of milk samples and evaluation of udder conformation traits occurred during four visits to each farm. In addition to the actively collected data, retrospective reproduction records of the farms served as the basis for the statistical analysis using analysis of variance models using SAS. The F1 crossbred Ho × Sim cows and ¾ Sim (first rotational crossbreeding generation = R1 using Sim semen) cows had a shorter calving interval and calving to first service interval compared to the Ho cows (P < 0.0001). Milk yield did not differ among the genetic groups except for R1 (¾ Sim) that produced approximately 10% less milk than the other groups (P = 0.0245). Fat plus protein yield and somatic cell score did not differ among the genetic groups. Ho cows had shallower udders (P < 0.0001) and a higher udder clearance (P < 0.0001) than the other groups. F1 and R1 crossbred Ho × Sim cows had shorter reproduction intervals than purebred Ho cows. Although udder conformation traits lacked high-quality scores in crossbred cows, somatic cell scores reached the same level as in purebred Ho cows.
本研究的目的是比较荷斯坦（Ho）、F1和R1杂交荷斯坦×西门塔尔（Sim）奶牛的繁殖性能、产奶量和乳成分，以及乳房健康和体型性状。巴西南部的三个商业奶牛场用作研究单位。所有农场都饲养了Ho、F1和R1杂交荷斯坦×西门塔尔（3/4荷斯坦×1/4西门塔尔和3/4西门塔尔×1/4荷斯坦）奶牛。在每次访问每个农场期间采集牛奶样本并评估乳房体型性状。除了主动收集的数据外，农场的回顾性繁殖记录作为使用SAS方差分析模型进行统计分析的基础。与Ho奶牛相比，F1杂交荷斯坦×西门塔尔奶牛和3/4西门塔尔（第一代轮回杂交后代=使用西门塔尔精液的R1）奶牛的产犊间隔和产犊至首次配种间隔更短（P<0.0001）。除R1（3/4西门塔尔）产奶量比其他组少约10%外（P=0.0245），各遗传组的产奶量没有差异。各遗传组的脂肪加蛋白质产量和体细胞评分没有差异。与其他组相比，Ho奶牛的乳房更浅（P<0.0001），乳房离地高度更高（P<0.0001）。F1和R1杂交荷斯坦×西门塔尔奶牛的繁殖间隔比纯种Ho奶牛短。尽管杂交奶牛的乳房体型性状缺乏高质量评分，但体细胞评分达到了与纯种Ho奶牛相同的水平。
