Van Hecke Linde, Loyen Anne, Verloigne Maïté, van der Ploeg Hidde P, Lakerveld Jeroen, Brug Johannes, De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse, Ekelund Ulf, Donnelly Alan, Hendriksen Ingrid, Deforche Benedicte
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Physical activity, nutrition and health research unit, Department of Movement and sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016 Jun 28;13:70. doi: 10.1186/s12966-016-0396-4.
Regular physical activity is associated with physical, social and mental health benefits, whilst insufficient physical activity is associated with several negative health outcomes (e.g. metabolic problems). Population monitoring of physical activity is important to gain insight into prevalence of compliance to physical activity recommendations, groups at risk and changes in physical activity patterns. This review aims to provide an overview of all existing studies that measure physical activity in youth, in cross-European studies, to describe the variation in population levels of physical activity and to describe and define challenges regarding assessment methods that are used.
A systematic search was performed on six databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SportDiscus and OpenGrey), supplemental forward- and backward tracking was done and authors' and experts' literature databases were searched to identify relevant articles. Journal articles or reports that reported levels of physical activity in the general population of youth from cross-European studies were included. Data were reviewed, extracted and assessed by two researchers, with disagreements being resolved by a third researcher. The review protocol of this review is published under registration number CRD42014010684 in the PROSPERO database.
The search resulted in 9756 identified records of which 30 articles were included in the current review. This review revealed large differences between countries in prevalence of compliance to physical activity recommendations (i.e. 60 min of daily moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA)) measured subjectively (5-47%) and accelerometer measured minutes of MVPA (23-200 min). Overall boys and children were more active than girls and adolescents. Different measurement methods (subjective n = 12, objective n = 18) and reported outcome variables (n = 17) were used in the included articles. Different accelerometer intensity thresholds used to define MVPA resulted in substantial differences in MVPA between studies conducted in the same countries when assessed objectively.
Reported levels of physical activity and prevalence of compliance to physical activity recommendations in youth showed large variation across European countries. This may reflect true variation in physical activity as well as variation in assessment methods and reported outcome variables. Standardization across Europe, of methods to assess physical activity in youth and reported outcome variables is warranted, preferably moving towards a pan-European surveillance system combining objective and self-report methods.
规律的体育活动有益于身体、社交和心理健康，而体育活动不足则与多种负面健康结果（如代谢问题）相关。对体育活动进行人群监测对于了解体育活动建议的依从率、高危人群以及体育活动模式的变化至关重要。本综述旨在概述所有在欧洲范围内针对青少年体育活动进行测量的现有研究，描述体育活动人群水平的差异，并描述和界定所使用评估方法存在的挑战。
对六个数据库（PubMed、EMBASE、CINAHL、PsycINFO、SportDiscus和OpenGrey）进行了系统检索，并进行了补充的向前和向后追踪，同时检索了作者和专家的文献数据库以识别相关文章。纳入了来自欧洲范围内研究的、报告青少年总体人群体育活动水平的期刊文章或报告。由两名研究人员对数据进行审查、提取和评估，如有分歧则由第三名研究人员解决。本综述的方案已在PROSPERO数据库中以注册号CRD42014010684发表。
检索共识别出9756条记录，其中30篇文章纳入了本综述。本综述揭示，在各国之间，主观测量的体育活动建议依从率（即每天60分钟中等至剧烈强度体育活动（MVPA））（5 - 47%）以及通过加速度计测量的MVPA分钟数（23 - 200分钟）存在很大差异。总体而言，男孩和儿童比女孩和青少年更活跃。纳入的文章使用了不同的测量方法（主观测量n = 12，客观测量n = 18）和报告的结果变量（n = 17）。在客观评估时，用于定义MVPA的不同加速度计强度阈值导致在同一国家进行的研究之间MVPA存在显著差异。
欧洲各国青少年报告的体育活动水平以及体育活动建议的依从率存在很大差异。这可能反映了体育活动的真实差异以及评估方法和报告结果变量的差异。有必要在欧洲范围内对青少年体育活动评估方法和报告结果变量进行标准化，最好朝着结合客观和自我报告方法的泛欧监测系统发展。
