Aguayo A, Urrutia I, González-Frutos T, Martínez R, Martínez-Indart L, Castaño L, Gaztambide S
BioCruces Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia, Spain.
CIBERDEM (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders), CIBERER (Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases), Madrid, Spain.
Diabet Med. 2017 May;34(5):662-666. doi: 10.1111/dme.13181. Epub 2016 Sep 11.
To assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose metabolism in the Basque Country and their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors.
A population-based, cross-sectional, cluster sampling design study was carried out in an adult (≥18 years) Basque population. A total of 847 participants completed a questionnaire on personal and family medical history and lifestyle. Anthropometric variables and blood pressure were measured and biochemical analysis and an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g) were also performed.
The total prevalence of diabetes was 10.6% (95% CI 8.65-12.95). Among them 6.3% (95% CI 4.79-8.22) had previously been diagnosed and 4.3% (95% CI 3.04-5.92) were not aware that they had diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance was present in 7.2% (95% CI 5.53-9.15) and impaired fasting glucose in 3.8% (95% CI 2.64-5.37) of the population. In total, 21.6% of the population had some type of glucose metabolism disturbance, with a higher rate among men (28.3 vs 16.3%; P<0.001) and with the rate increasing with age. Risk factors independently associated with the development of diabetes were: male sex [odds ratio 4.58 (95% CI 2.34-8.97)]; abdominal obesity [odds ratio 2.80 (95% CI 1.47-5.36)]; high triglyceride levels [odds ratio 2.46 (95% CI 1.26-4.81)]; hypertension [odds ratio 2.40 (95% CI 1.16-4.96)]; family history of diabetes [odds ratio 2.30 (95% CI 1.25-4.24)]; high LDL cholesterol levels [odds ratio 1.83 (95% CI 1.01-3.31)] and older age [odds ratio 1.08 (95% CI 1.05-1.10)].
The prevalence of diabetes in the Basque Country was lower than in Spain and was independently associated with family history of diabetes and with cardiovascular risk factors such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, high LDL cholesterol levels and high triglyceride levels, which were also observed in those with prediabetes.
评估巴斯克地区糖尿病和糖代谢受损的患病率及其与心血管危险因素的关系。
在成年（≥18岁）巴斯克人群中开展了一项基于人群的横断面整群抽样设计研究。共有847名参与者完成了关于个人和家族病史及生活方式的问卷调查。测量了人体测量学变量和血压，并进行了生化分析及口服葡萄糖耐量试验（75克）。
糖尿病的总患病率为10.6%（95%可信区间8.65 - 12.95）。其中，6.3%（95%可信区间4.79 - 8.22）之前已被诊断，4.3%（95%可信区间3.04 - 5.92）不知道自己患有糖尿病。糖耐量受损在7.2%（95%可信区间5.53 - 9.15）的人群中存在，空腹血糖受损在3.8%（95%可信区间2.64 - 5.37）的人群中存在。总体而言，21.6%的人群存在某种类型的糖代谢紊乱，男性患病率更高（28.3%对16.3%；P<0.001），且患病率随年龄增长而增加。与糖尿病发生独立相关的危险因素为：男性[比值比4.58（95%可信区间2.34 - 8.97）]；腹型肥胖[比值比2.80（95%可信区间1.47 - 5.36）]；高甘油三酯水平[比值比2.46（95%可信区间1.26 - 4.81）]；高血压[比值比2.40（95%可信区间1.16 - 4.96）]；糖尿病家族史[比值比2.30（95%可信区间1.25 - 4.24）]；高LDL胆固醇水平[比值比1.83（95%可信区间1.01 - 3.31）]和高龄[比值比1.08（95%可信区间1.05 - 1.10）]。
巴斯克地区糖尿病的患病率低于西班牙，且与糖尿病家族史以及腹型肥胖、高血压、高LDL胆固醇水平和高甘油三酯水平等心血管危险因素独立相关，这些因素在糖尿病前期患者中也有观察到。
