Carvajal Thaddeus M, Hernandez Lara Fides T, Ho Howell T, Cuenca Menard G, Orantia Bianca Marie C, Estrada Camille R, Viacrusis Katherine M, Amalin Divina M, Watanabe Kozo
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Biology Department; Biological Control Research Unit, Center for Natural Science and Environmental Research, De La Salle University, Taft Ave Manila, Philippines, .
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan; Graduate School, University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines, .
J Vector Borne Dis. 2016 Apr-Jun;53(2):127-35.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Aedes aegypti (L.) is an efficient vector for arboviral diseases such as dengue. The wings of Ae. aegypti has been extensively studied in order to investigate population heterogeneity and structure by utilizing a landmark based geometric morphometrics (GMs) approach. The aim of this study was to examine and assess the wing geometry of Ae. aegypti in Metropolitan Manila.
In total, 312 Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were collected from 98 sampling points using a mosquito light-trap from May 2014 to January 2015. A complete coverage of the wing was achieved by removing wing scales with chemical and physical treatment, leading to identification of 26 landmarks. Geometric morphometric analyses were employed and the spatial distance pattern was estimated using isolation by distance (IBD) and spatial autocorrelation (SA).
The results of the GM analyses revealed population heterogeneity and structuring in Ae. aegypti populations for both sexes using principal component and canonical variate analyses respectively. Moreover, IBD and SA only detected significant spatial structure in male Ae. aegypti populations while female population structures were homogeneous throughout the geographical area.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The newly modified wing preparation procedure was able to capture a complete coverage of the wings of Ae. aegypti, thus providing a stronger separation power for very close populations in an urban area. It is also noteworthy that the results of IBD and SA supported the findings of GM in the population structuring of male and female Ae. aegypti. The outcome of the study increases our understanding of the vector, which would be useful in developing effective control strategies.
埃及伊蚊是登革热等虫媒病毒疾病的高效传播媒介。为利用基于地标点的几何形态测量学（GMs）方法研究种群异质性和结构，已对埃及伊蚊的翅膀进行了广泛研究。本研究旨在检查和评估马尼拉大都会区埃及伊蚊的翅膀几何形态。
2014年5月至2015年1月期间，使用诱蚊灯从98个采样点共收集了312只埃及伊蚊。通过化学和物理处理去除翅膀鳞片，实现对翅膀的完整覆盖，从而识别出26个地标点。采用几何形态测量分析，并使用距离隔离（IBD）和空间自相关（SA）估计空间距离模式。
GM分析结果分别使用主成分分析和典型变量分析揭示了埃及伊蚊种群中两性的种群异质性和结构。此外，IBD和SA仅在雄性埃及伊蚊种群中检测到显著的空间结构，而雌性种群结构在整个地理区域内是均匀的。
新改进的翅膀制备程序能够完整覆盖埃及伊蚊的翅膀，从而为城市地区非常接近的种群提供更强的区分能力。同样值得注意的是，IBD和SA的结果支持了GM在雄性和雌性埃及伊蚊种群结构研究中的发现。该研究结果增进了我们对该传播媒介的了解，这将有助于制定有效的控制策略。
