Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES)-Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering-Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020 May 4;14(5):e0008279. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008279. eCollection 2020 May.
Dengue is a highly endemic disease in Southeast Asia and is transmitted primarily by the mosquito, Aedes aegypti. The National Capital Region (NCR) of the Philippines, or Metropolitan Manila, is a highly urbanized area that is greatly affected by this arboviral disease. Urbanization has been shown to increase the dispersal of this mosquito vector. For this reason, we conducted a fine-scale population genetic study of Ae. aegypti in this region. We collected adult Ae. aegypti mosquitoes (n = 526 individuals) within the region (n = 21 study areas) and characterized the present population structure and the genetic relatedness among mosquito populations. We genotyped 11 microsatellite loci from all sampled mosquito individuals and analyzed their genetic diversity, differentiation and structure. The results revealed low genetic differentiation across mosquito populations which suggest high gene flow and/or weak genetic drift among mosquito populations. Bayesian analysis indicated multiple genetic structures (K = 3-6), with no clear genetically distinct population structures. This result implies the passive or long-distance dispersal capability nature Ae. aegypti possibly through human-mediated transportation. The constructed dendrogram in this study describes the potential passive dispersal patterns across Metropolitan Manila. Furthermore, spatial autocorrelation analysis showed the limited and active dispersal capability (<1km) of the mosquito vector. Our findings are consistent with previous studies that investigated the genetic structure and dual (active and passive) dispersal capability of Ae. aegypti in a fine-scale highly urbanized area.
登革热是东南亚的一种高度地方性疾病，主要通过蚊子——埃及伊蚊传播。菲律宾的国家首都地区（NCR）或马尼拉大都会，是一个高度城市化的地区，深受这种虫媒病毒病的影响。城市化已被证明会增加这种蚊子传播媒介的扩散。出于这个原因，我们在该地区进行了埃及伊蚊的精细种群遗传研究。我们在该地区（n = 21 个研究区域）内收集了成年埃及伊蚊（n = 526 只）蚊子，并描述了当前的种群结构和蚊子种群之间的遗传相关性。我们对所有采样的蚊子个体进行了 11 个微卫星基因座的基因分型，并分析了它们的遗传多样性、分化和结构。结果表明，蚊子种群之间的遗传分化程度较低，这表明蚊子种群之间存在高基因流和/或较弱的遗传漂变。贝叶斯分析表明存在多种遗传结构（K = 3-6），没有明显的遗传上明显的种群结构。这一结果意味着埃及伊蚊可能通过人类介导的运输而具有被动或长距离扩散能力。本研究构建的系统发育树描述了马尼拉大都会地区潜在的被动扩散模式。此外，空间自相关分析显示了蚊子媒介的有限和主动扩散能力（<1km）。我们的研究结果与先前的研究一致，这些研究调查了在精细尺度高度城市化地区埃及伊蚊的遗传结构和双重（主动和被动）扩散能力。
