1999年至2011年间在北爱尔兰收集的反刍动物瘟病毒株的遗传多样性及活体反刍动物进口的作用。
Genetic diversity of ruminant Pestivirus strains collected in Northern Ireland between 1999 and 2011 and the role of live ruminant imports.
作者信息
Guelbenzu-Gonzalo Maria P, Cooper Lynsey, Brown Craig, Leinster Sam, O'Neill Ronan, Doyle Liam, Graham David A
机构信息
Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Belfast, UK.
Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Backweston, Ireland.
出版信息
Ir Vet J. 2016 Jun 27;69:7. doi: 10.1186/s13620-016-0066-5. eCollection 2015.
BACKGROUND
The genus pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae includes bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) types 1 and 2, border disease virus (BDV) and classical swine fever virus. The two recognised genotypes of BVDV are divided into subtypes based on phylogenetic analysis, namely a-p for BVDV-1 and a-c for BVDV-2.
METHODS
Three studies were conducted to investigate the phylogenetic diversity of pestiviruses present in Northern Ireland. Firstly, pestiviruses in 152 serum samples that had previously tested positive for BVDV between 1999 and 2008 were genotyped with a RT-PCR assay. Secondly, the genetic heterogeneity of pestiviruses from 91 serum samples collected between 2008 and 2011 was investigated by phylogenetic analysis of a 288 base pair portion of the 5' untranslated region (UTR). Finally, blood samples from 839 bovine and 4,437 ovine animals imported in 2010 and 2011 were tested for pestiviral RNA. Analysis of animal movement data alongside the phylogenetic analysis of the strains was carried out to identify any links between isolates and animal movement.
RESULTS
No BVDV-2 strains were detected. All of the 152 samples in the first study were genotyped as BVDV-1. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the predominant subtype circulating was BVDV-1a (86 samples out of 91). The remaining five samples clustered close to reference strains in subtype BVDV-1b. Out of the imported animals, 18 bovine samples tested positive and 8 inconclusive (Ct ≥36), while all ovine samples were negative. Eight sequences were obtained and were defined as BVDV-1b. Analysis of movement data between herds failed to find links between herds where BVDV-1b was detected.
CONCLUSION
Given that only BVDV-1a was detected in samples collected between 1968 and 1999, this study suggests that at least one new subtype has been introduced to Northern Ireland between 1999 and 2011 and highlights the potential for importation of cattle to introduce new strains.
背景
黄病毒科瘟病毒属包括1型和2型牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）、边界病病毒（BDV）和经典猪瘟病毒。基于系统发育分析，BVDV的两种公认基因型又分为不同亚型，即BVDV - 1的a - p亚型和BVDV - 2的a - c亚型。
方法
开展了三项研究以调查北爱尔兰瘟病毒的系统发育多样性。首先，采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）分析法对1999年至2008年间先前检测BVDV呈阳性的152份血清样本中的瘟病毒进行基因分型。其次，通过对5'非翻译区（UTR）288个碱基对部分进行系统发育分析，研究2008年至2011年间收集的91份血清样本中瘟病毒的遗传异质性。最后，对2010年和2011年进口的839头牛和4437只羊的血样进行瘟病毒RNA检测。结合动物移动数据与毒株的系统发育分析，以确定分离株与动物移动之间的任何联系。
结果
未检测到BVDV - 2毒株。第一项研究中的152份样本均被基因分型为BVDV - 1。系统发育分析表明，流行的主要亚型为BVDV - 1a（91份样本中有86份）。其余5份样本聚类于BVDV - 1b亚型的参考毒株附近。在进口动物中，18份牛样本检测呈阳性，8份结果不确定（Ct≥36），而所有羊样本均为阴性。获得了8个序列，被定义为BVDV - 1b。对牛群间移动数据的分析未能发现检测到BVDV - 1b的牛群之间存在联系。
结论
鉴于在1968年至1999年间收集的样本中仅检测到BVDV - 1a，本研究表明在1999年至2011年间至少有一个新亚型被引入北爱尔兰，并突出了进口牛引入新毒株的可能性。
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