Iwu Chinwe Juliana, Iweriebor Benson Chuks, Obi Larry Chikwelu, Basson Albertus Kotze, Okoh Anthony Ifeanyi
South African Medical Research Council Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, , University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
South African Medical Research Council Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa;Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
J Food Prot. 2016 Jul;79(7):1234-9. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-224.
The exposure of farm animals to antimicrobials for treatment, prophylaxis, or growth promotion can select for resistant bacteria that can be transmitted to humans, and Salmonella as an important zoonotic pathogen can act as a potential reservoir of antimicrobial resistance determinants. We assessed the antibiogram profiles of Salmonella species isolated from pig herds in two commercial farms in South Africa. Two hundred fifty-eight presumptive Salmonella isolates were recovered from the fecal samples of 500 adult pigs. Specific primers targeting Salmonella serogroups A, B, C1, C2, and D were used to determine the prevalence of different serogroups. Only serogroup A (n = 48) was detected, while others were not. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the confirmed Salmonella serogroup A isolates was performed by using the disk diffusion method against a panel of 18 antibiotics. All the 48 isolates were resistant to tetracycline and oxytetracycline, while 75% were resistant to ampicillin, sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, and streptomycin. All the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, with the predominant phenotype being against 11 antibiotics, and multiple antibiotic resistance index ranged between 0.3 and 0.6. The incidence of genes encoding resistance against ampicillin (ampC), tetracycline (tetA), and streptomycin (strA) were 54, 61, and 44%, respectively. We conclude that healthy pigs are potential reservoirs of multidrug-resistant Salmonella that could be transmitted to humans through the food chain and, hence, a significant public health threat.
农场动物因治疗、预防或促进生长而接触抗菌药物，可能会筛选出可传播给人类的耐药细菌，而沙门氏菌作为一种重要的人畜共患病原体，可作为抗菌药物耐药决定因素的潜在储存库。我们评估了从南非两个商业农场的猪群中分离出的沙门氏菌的抗菌谱。从500头成年猪的粪便样本中分离出258株疑似沙门氏菌。使用针对沙门氏菌A、B、C1、C2和D血清群的特异性引物来确定不同血清群的流行情况。仅检测到A血清群（n = 48），其他血清群未检测到。采用纸片扩散法对18种抗生素检测已确认的沙门氏菌A血清群分离株的药敏情况。所有48株分离株均对四环素和土霉素耐药，75%的分离株对氨苄青霉素、磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄啶、萘啶酸和链霉素耐药。所有分离株均表现出多重耐药性，主要表型为对11种抗生素耐药，多重耐药指数在0.3至0.6之间。编码对氨苄青霉素（ampC）、四环素（tetA）和链霉素（strA）耐药的基因发生率分别为54%、61%和44%。我们得出结论，健康猪是耐多药沙门氏菌的潜在储存库，可能通过食物链传播给人类，因此对公共卫生构成重大威胁。
