Harper P A, Healy P J
Department of Agriculture, Veterinary Laboratories, Glenfield, New South Wales.
Aust Vet J. 1989 May;66(5):143-4, 145-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1989.tb09781.x.
The clinical and pathological features of 19 neonatal Holstein-Friesian calves affected with moderate to severe neurological disease are presented. Most calves were recumbent from birth, and many developed variable neurological signs including hyperaesthesia or depression, limb extension, head tremor, nystagmus, apparent blindness, and opisthotonos when stimulated. Consistent lesions of moderate to severe, diffuse, axonal swelling and loss, with Wallerian-type degeneration and myelin depletion in the spinal cord and brainstem, and occasionally in the midbrain and peripheral nerve roots, were observed. The lesions indicated a pre-natal insult affecting mainly motor areas of the foetal neuraxis, however the aetiology of the disorder remains undetermined. It is suggested that the calves may have been affected by a hitherto unrecognised disease entity for which we propose the term, degenerative axonopathy.
本文介绍了19头患有中度至重度神经疾病的新生荷斯坦-弗里生犊牛的临床和病理特征。大多数犊牛自出生起就卧地不起，许多犊牛出现了各种神经症状，包括感觉过敏或抑郁、肢体伸展、头部震颤、眼球震颤、明显失明以及受到刺激时出现角弓反张。观察到中度至重度、弥漫性、轴突肿胀和丧失的一致性病变，伴有脊髓和脑干以及偶尔在中脑和外周神经根中的华勒氏型变性和髓鞘脱失。这些病变表明产前损伤主要影响胎儿神经轴的运动区域，然而该疾病的病因仍未确定。建议这些犊牛可能受到一种迄今未被认识的疾病实体的影响，我们为此提出“退行性轴突病”这一术语。
