Preston B
Accid Anal Prev. 1989 Jun;21(3):291-7. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(89)90020-1.
There are two separate facets of the casualty rates for child pedestrians in Great Britain that require explanation. (1) The casualty rate for child pedestrians aged 11-14 years is higher than the rate for those aged 5-10 years. In Manchester and Salford the casualty rate for the older age group is higher for children on the journey to or from school but at nonschool times the casualty rate is lower for those aged 11-14 years than for those aged 5-10 years. It is suggested that the high casualty rate for older children is connected with the school journey, which is longer to secondary than to primary schools. (2) The casualty rate for the older age group has increased in recent years. Comparing the casualty rates at school and nonschool times in Manchester and Salford in 1969 and 1987 suggests that this increase is due to an increase in accidents on the school journey.
英国儿童行人伤亡率有两个不同方面需要解释。（1）11至14岁儿童行人的伤亡率高于5至10岁儿童。在曼彻斯特和索尔福德，年龄较大的儿童群体在上下学途中的伤亡率较高，但在非上学时间，11至14岁儿童的伤亡率低于5至10岁儿童。有人认为，年龄较大儿童的高伤亡率与上学路程有关，中学的路程比小学的路程更长。（2）近年来，年龄较大儿童群体的伤亡率有所上升。比较1969年和1987年曼彻斯特和索尔福德在上学和非上学时间的伤亡率表明，这种上升是由于上学途中事故增加所致。
