Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, 34-40 University Road, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 May;43(3):714-23. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.10.016. Epub 2010 Dec 3.
The existence of an association between child pedestrian accidents and socio-economic deprivation in Great Britain is well established. The factors driving this association are complex and difficult to isolate. This study uses accident prediction models to investigate the links between child pedestrian casualties and a range of environmental and socio-economic factors commonly linked to deprived areas and people. Separate models are constructed relating to the areas in which the children become casualties, and the areas in which the children reside. Significant socio-economic factors include: single-parenthood, reliance on income support, and crime; and environmental factors include domestic garden area, junction density and pedestrian and vehicular flow density. The study found that factors pertaining to the local environment were more prevalent in the models considering accident locations, whilst socio-economic factors were of greater influence in the residency model.
在英国，儿童行人事故与社会经济贫困之间存在关联已得到充分证实。导致这种关联的因素复杂且难以隔离。本研究使用事故预测模型，调查了儿童行人伤亡与一系列通常与贫困地区和人群相关的环境和社会经济因素之间的联系。分别构建了与儿童成为伤亡者的区域以及儿童居住的区域相关的模型。显著的社会经济因素包括：单亲家庭、依赖收入支持和犯罪；以及环境因素包括：住宅花园面积、交叉口密度以及行人和车辆流量密度。研究发现，与考虑事故地点的模型相比，与当地环境有关的因素在模型中更为普遍，而社会经济因素在居住模型中影响更大。
