Feather Jacqueline Susan, Howson Moira, Ritchie Linda, Carter Philip D, Parry David Tudor, Koziol-McLain Jane
Centre for Interdisciplinary Trauma Research, Department of Psychology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Med Internet Res. 2016 Jun 30;18(6):e181. doi: 10.2196/jmir.5455.
The use of Web-based interventions to deliver mental health and behavior change programs is increasingly popular. They are cost-effective, accessible, and generally effective. Often these interventions concern psychologically sensitive and challenging issues, such as depression or anxiety. The process by which a person receives and experiences therapy is important to understanding therapeutic process and outcomes. While the experience of the patient or client in traditional face-to-face therapy has been evaluated in a number of ways, there appeared to be a gap in the evaluation of patient experiences of therapeutic interventions delivered online. Evaluation of Web-based artifacts has focused either on evaluation of experience from a computer Web-design perspective through usability testing or on evaluation of treatment effectiveness. Neither of these methods focuses on the psychological experience of the person while engaged in the therapeutic process.
This study aimed to investigate what methods, if any, have been used to evaluate the in situ psychological experience of users of Web-based self-help psychosocial interventions.
A systematic literature review was undertaken of interdisciplinary databases with a focus on health and computer sciences. Studies that met a predetermined search protocol were included.
Among 21 studies identified that examined psychological experience of the user, only 1 study collected user experience in situ. The most common method of understanding users' experience was through semistructured interviews conducted posttreatment or questionnaires administrated at the end of an intervention session. The questionnaires were usually based on standardized tools used to assess user experience with traditional face-to-face treatment.
There is a lack of methods specified in the literature to evaluate the interface between Web-based mental health or behavior change artifacts and users. Main limitations in the research were the nascency of the topic and cross-disciplinary nature of the field. There is a need to develop and deliver methods of understanding users' psychological experiences while using an intervention.
利用基于网络的干预措施来提供心理健康和行为改变项目越来越普遍。这些干预措施具有成本效益、易于获取且总体有效。这些干预措施常常涉及心理敏感且具有挑战性的问题，比如抑郁或焦虑。一个人接受和体验治疗的过程对于理解治疗过程和结果很重要。虽然患者或客户在传统面对面治疗中的体验已经通过多种方式进行了评估，但在评估在线提供的治疗干预措施的患者体验方面似乎存在差距。对基于网络的人工制品的评估要么侧重于通过可用性测试从计算机网页设计角度评估体验，要么侧重于评估治疗效果。这两种方法都没有关注人们在参与治疗过程时的心理体验。
本研究旨在调查是否有方法（若有的话）用于评估基于网络的自助心理社会干预措施用户的现场心理体验。
对跨学科数据库进行了系统的文献综述，重点关注健康和计算机科学。纳入符合预定搜索方案的研究。
在确定的21项研究中，只有1项研究收集了用户的现场体验，这些研究考察了用户的心理体验。了解用户体验最常见的方法是在治疗后进行半结构化访谈或在干预课程结束时发放问卷。这些问卷通常基于用于评估传统面对面治疗用户体验的标准化工具。
文献中缺乏用于评估基于网络的心理健康或行为改变人工制品与用户之间界面的方法。该研究的主要局限性在于该主题尚处于初期阶段且该领域具有跨学科性质。需要开发并提供在使用干预措施时理解用户心理体验的方法。
