De Góes Cavalcanti Luciano Pamplona, Tauil Pedro Luiz, Alencar Carlos Henrique, Oliveira Wanderson, Teixeira Mauro Martins, Heukelbach Jorg
Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2016 Jun 30;10(6):563-6. doi: 10.3855/jidc.8575.
Since the end of 2014, Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been rapidly spreading in Brazil.
To analyze the possible association of yellow fever vaccine with a protective effect against ZIKV-related microcephaly, the following spatial analyses were performed, using Brazilian municipalities as units: i) yellow fever vaccination coverage in Brazilian municipalities in individuals aged 15-49; ii) reported cases of microcephaly by municipality; and iii) confirmed cases of microcephaly related to ZIKV, by municipality. SaTScan software was used to identify clusters of municipalities for high risk of microcephaly.
There were seven significant high risk clusters of confirmed microcephaly cases, with four of them located in the Northeast where yellow fever vaccination rates were the lowest. The clusters harbored only 2.9% of the total population of Brazil, but 15.2% of confirmed cases of microcephaly.
We hypothesize that pregnant women in regions with high yellow fever vaccination coverage may pose their offspring to lower risk for development of microcephaly. There is an urgent need for systematic studies to confirm the possible link between low yellow fever vaccination coverage, Zika virus infection and microcephaly.
自2014年底以来，寨卡病毒（ZIKV）感染在巴西迅速蔓延。
为分析黄热病疫苗与预防寨卡病毒相关小头畸形的保护作用之间可能存在的关联，以巴西各市镇为单位进行了以下空间分析：i）15 - 49岁个体在巴西各市镇的黄热病疫苗接种覆盖率；ii）各市镇报告的小头畸形病例；iii）各市镇确诊的与寨卡病毒相关的小头畸形病例。使用SaTScan软件识别小头畸形高风险的市镇集群。
有七个确诊小头畸形病例的显著高风险集群，其中四个位于东北部，那里黄热病疫苗接种率最低。这些集群仅占巴西总人口的2.9%，但却占确诊小头畸形病例的15.2%。
我们推测，黄热病疫苗接种覆盖率高的地区的孕妇可能使其后代患小头畸形的风险降低。迫切需要进行系统研究以证实黄热病疫苗接种覆盖率低、寨卡病毒感染与小头畸形之间可能存在的联系。
