Wren Yvonne, Miller Laura L, Peters Tim J, Emond Alan, Roulstone Sue
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2016 Aug 1;59(4):647-73. doi: 10.1044/2015_JSLHR-S-14-0282.
The purpose of this study was to determine prevalence and predictors of persistent speech sound disorder (SSD) in children aged 8 years after disregarding children presenting solely with common clinical distortions (i.e., residual errors).
Data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (Boyd et al., 2012) were used. Children were classified as having persistent SSD on the basis of percentage of consonants correct measures from connected speech samples. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors.
The estimated prevalence of persistent SSD was 3.6%. Children with persistent SSD were more likely to be boys and from families who were not homeowners. Early childhood predictors identified as important were weak sucking at 4 weeks, not often combining words at 24 months, limited use of word morphology at 38 months, and being unintelligible to strangers at age 38 months. School-age predictors identified as important were maternal report of difficulty pronouncing certain sounds and hearing impairment at age 7 years, tympanostomy tube insertion at any age up to 8 years, and a history of suspected coordination problems. The contribution of these findings to our understanding of risk factors for persistent SSD and the nature of the condition is considered.
Variables identified as predictive of persistent SSD suggest that factors across motor, cognitive, and linguistic processes may place a child at risk.
本研究的目的是确定8岁儿童中持续性语音障碍（SSD）的患病率及预测因素，不考虑仅表现为常见临床扭曲（即残留错误）的儿童。
使用来自雅芳亲子纵向研究（Boyd等人，2012年）的数据。根据连贯语音样本中辅音正确百分比的测量结果，将儿童分类为患有持续性SSD。进行多变量逻辑回归分析以确定预测因素。
持续性SSD的估计患病率为3.6%。患有持续性SSD的儿童更可能是男孩，且来自非房主家庭。确定为重要的幼儿期预测因素包括4周时吸吮无力、24个月时不常组合单词、38个月时词法使用有限以及38个月时陌生人难以理解其话语。确定为重要的学龄期预测因素包括母亲报告孩子在7岁时发音某些音困难和听力障碍、8岁前任何年龄进行鼓膜置管以及有疑似协调问题史。考虑了这些发现对我们理解持续性SSD的危险因素和该病症性质的贡献。
确定为持续性SSD预测因素的变量表明，运动、认知和语言过程中的因素可能使儿童处于风险之中。
