Dykens E M, Hodapp R M, Leckman J F
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1989 May;28(3):427-30. doi: 10.1097/00004583-198905000-00021.
The profile of adaptive strengths and weaknesses of 12 institutionalized and 15 noninstitutionalized fragile X males was examined using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Fragile X males in both living settings demonstrated relative strengths in Daily Living Skills compared to functioning in the domains of Communication and Socialization. Within daily living skills, personal (e.g., grooming, toileting) and domestic (e.g., cooking, cleaning) skills were better developed than community skills (e.g., managing money, attending work). Both institutionalized and noninstitutionalized fragile X males showed high levels of maladaptive behavior characterized by attentional impairments; impulsivity; and defiant, oppositional "externalizing" behaviors. High levels of anxiety were also apparent. The institutional sample showed particular deficits in expressive and written communication but was more likely than the noninstitutional group to have individuals with levels of daily living skills above their mental ages. These findings have direct implications for intervention with fragile X males.
使用文兰适应行为量表对12名机构收容的和15名非机构收容的脆性X综合征男性的适应优势和劣势状况进行了检查。与在沟通和社交领域的功能相比，处于这两种生活环境中的脆性X综合征男性在日常生活技能方面表现出相对优势。在日常生活技能中，个人技能（如修饰、如厕）和家务技能（如烹饪、清洁）比社区技能（如理财、上班）发展得更好。机构收容的和非机构收容的脆性X综合征男性均表现出以注意力缺陷、冲动以及挑衅、对立的“外化”行为为特征的高度适应不良行为。高水平的焦虑也很明显。机构收容样本在表达性和书面沟通方面存在特别缺陷，但与非机构收容组相比，更有可能有日常生活技能水平高于其心理年龄的个体。这些发现对脆性X综合征男性的干预具有直接意义。
