Colalillo Sara, Johnston Charlotte
Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2016 Sep;19(3):216-35. doi: 10.1007/s10567-016-0208-z.
Parent management training (PMT) is considered the gold standard in the treatment of child behavior problems. The secondary effects of these interventions, particularly on parent well-being, are infrequently studied, despite evidence that parents of children with behavior problems often experience personal difficulties. This narrative review examined the affective and parenting cognition outcomes of PMT for mothers and fathers of children ages 2-13 years, across 48 controlled treatment studies. Substantial support was found for reductions in parenting stress, and increases in perceived parenting competence following PMT. Evidence indicated fewer improvements in domains more distal from parenting, including parent depressive symptoms and marital relationship dysfunction. A number of studies suggested parent gender as a moderator of parent outcomes of PMT; however, the underrepresentation of fathers in existing research limits conclusions in this regard. Avenues for future research are highlighted to address current gaps in the literature, and to further our understanding of the ways in which both children and parents may benefit from PMT.
家长管理培训（PMT）被认为是治疗儿童行为问题的金标准。尽管有证据表明有行为问题儿童的父母常常会遇到个人困难，但这些干预措施的次要影响，尤其是对家长幸福感的影响，却很少得到研究。这篇叙述性综述通过48项对照治疗研究，考察了针对2至13岁儿童的父母进行PMT后的情感和育儿认知结果。研究发现，有大量证据支持PMT能减轻育儿压力，并提高家长的育儿能力认知。证据表明，在距离育儿更远的领域，包括家长抑郁症状和婚姻关系功能障碍方面，改善较少。一些研究表明，家长性别是PMT家长结果的调节因素；然而，现有研究中父亲的代表性不足限制了这方面的结论。文中强调了未来研究的方向，以填补当前文献中的空白，并进一步加深我们对儿童和家长如何从PMT中受益的理解。
