Fonagy Peter, Luyten Patrick, Moulton-Perkins Alesia, Lee Ya-Wen, Warren Fiona, Howard Susan, Ghinai Rosanna, Fearon Pasco, Lowyck Benedicte
Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL, London, United Kingdom.
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
PLoS One. 2016 Jul 8;11(7):e0158678. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158678. eCollection 2016.
Reflective functioning or mentalizing is the capacity to interpret both the self and others in terms of internal mental states such as feelings, wishes, goals, desires, and attitudes. This paper is part of a series of papers outlining the development and psychometric features of a new self-report measure, the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ), designed to provide an easy to administer self-report measure of mentalizing. We describe the development and initial validation of the RFQ in three studies. Study 1 focuses on the development of the RFQ, its factor structure and construct validity in a sample of patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Eating Disorder (ED) (n = 108) and normal controls (n = 295). Study 2 aims to replicate these findings in a fresh sample of 129 patients with personality disorder and 281 normal controls. Study 3 addresses the relationship between the RFQ, parental reflective functioning and infant attachment status as assessed with the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP) in a sample of 136 community mothers and their infants. In both Study 1 and 2, confirmatory factor analyses yielded two factors assessing Certainty (RFQ_C) and Uncertainty (RFQ_U) about the mental states of self and others. These two factors were relatively distinct, invariant across clinical and non-clinical samples, had satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest stability, and were largely unrelated to demographic features. The scales discriminated between patients and controls, and were significantly and in theoretically predicted ways correlated with measures of empathy, mindfulness and perspective-taking, and with both self-reported and clinician-reported measures of borderline personality features and other indices of maladaptive personality functioning. Furthermore, the RFQ scales were associated with levels of parental reflective functioning, which in turn predicted infant attachment status in the SSP. Overall, this study lends preliminary support for the RFQ as a screening measure of reflective functioning. Further research is needed, however, to investigate in more detail the psychometric qualities of the RFQ.
反思功能或心理化是一种根据诸如情感、愿望、目标、欲望和态度等内部心理状态来解释自我和他人的能力。本文是一系列论文的一部分，这些论文概述了一种新的自我报告测量工具——反思功能问卷（RFQ）的开发和心理测量特征，该问卷旨在提供一种易于实施的心理化自我报告测量工具。我们在三项研究中描述了RFQ的开发和初步验证。研究1聚焦于RFQ的开发、其因子结构以及在边缘型人格障碍（BPD）和饮食失调（ED）患者样本（n = 108）以及正常对照组（n = 295）中的结构效度。研究2旨在在129名人格障碍患者和281名正常对照组的新样本中重复这些发现。研究3探讨了在136名社区母亲及其婴儿的样本中，RFQ、父母反思功能与通过陌生情境程序（SSP）评估的婴儿依恋状态之间的关系。在研究1和研究2中，验证性因子分析产生了两个因子，分别评估对自我和他人心理状态的确定性（RFQ_C）和不确定性（RFQ_U）。这两个因子相对 distinct，在临床和非临床样本中具有不变性，具有令人满意的内部一致性和重测稳定性，并且在很大程度上与人口统计学特征无关。这些量表能够区分患者和对照组，并且以显著且符合理论预测的方式与共情、正念和观点采择的测量指标相关，还与自我报告和临床医生报告的边缘型人格特征测量指标以及其他适应不良人格功能指标相关。此外，RFQ量表与父母反思功能水平相关，而父母反思功能水平又反过来预测了SSP中的婴儿依恋状态。总体而言，本研究为RFQ作为反思功能的筛查测量工具提供了初步支持。然而，需要进一步的研究来更详细地调查RFQ的心理测量质量。
