Alvarez-Alvarez B, Martell-Claros N, Abad-Cardiel M, García-Donaire J A
Centro de Salud Andrés Mellado, Madrid, España.
Unidad de Hipertensión, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España.
Hipertens Riesgo Vasc. 2017 Apr-Jun;34(2):85-92. doi: 10.1016/j.hipert.2016.06.002. Epub 2016 Jul 6.
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) induces maternal and fetal damage, but it can also be the beginning of future metabolic and vascular disorders. The relative risk of chronic hypertension after PIH is between 2.3 and 11, and the likelihood of subsequent development of type 2 diabetes is multiplied by 1.8. Women with prior preeclampsia/eclampsia have a twofold risk of stroke and a higher frequency of arrhythmias and hospitalization due to heart failure. Furthermore, a tenfold greater risk for long-term chronic kidney disease is observed as well. The relative risk of cardiovascular death is 2.1 times higher compared to the group without pregnancy-induced hypertension problems, although the risk is between 4 and 7 times higher in preterm birth associated with gestational hypertension or pre-existing hypertension The postpartum period is a great opportunity to intervene on lifestyle, obesity, make an early diagnosis of chronic hypertension and DM and provide the necessary treatments to prevent cardiovascular complications in women.
妊娠期高血压疾病（PIH）会导致母婴损伤，但它也可能是未来代谢和血管疾病的开端。PIH后发生慢性高血压的相对风险在2.3至11之间，随后发生2型糖尿病的可能性会增加1.8倍。既往有子痫前期/子痫的女性患中风的风险加倍，心律失常和因心力衰竭住院的频率更高。此外，长期慢性肾病的风险也会高出10倍。与没有妊娠期高血压问题的人群相比，心血管死亡的相对风险高出2.1倍，尽管在与妊娠高血压或既往高血压相关的早产中，该风险高出4至7倍。产后期是干预生活方式、肥胖问题、早期诊断慢性高血压和糖尿病，并提供必要治疗以预防女性心血管并发症的绝佳时机。
