Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States.
Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2016 Aug 16;50(16):8403-16. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00877. Epub 2016 Aug 1.
Bisphenol A (2,2-bis[4-hydroxyphenyl]propane, BPA), the monomer used to produce polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins, is weakly estrogenic and therefore of environmental and human health interest. Due to the high production volumes and disposal of products made from BPA, polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins, BPA has entered terrestrial and aquatic environments. In the presence of oxygen, diverse taxa of bacteria, fungi, algae and even higher plants metabolize BPA, but anaerobic microbial degradation has not been documented. Recent reports demonstrated that abiotic processes mediate BPA transformation and mineralization in the absence of oxygen, indicating that BPA is susceptible to degradation under anoxic conditions. This review summarizes biological and nonbiological processes that lead to BPA transformation and degradation, and identifies research needs to advance predictive understanding of the longevity of BPA and its transformation products in environmental systems.
双酚 A（2,2-双[4-羟基苯基]丙烷，BPA）是生产聚碳酸酯塑料和环氧树脂的单体，具有较弱的雌激素活性，因此对环境和人类健康具有重要意义。由于 BPA（双酚 A）生产数量巨大，且其生产的产品如聚碳酸酯塑料和环氧树脂被大量处理，因此 BPA 已经进入陆地和水生环境。在有氧存在的情况下，不同种类的细菌、真菌、藻类甚至高等植物都能代谢 BPA，但尚未有关于厌氧微生物降解的记录。最近的报告表明，在无氧的情况下，非生物过程会介导 BPA 的转化和矿化，这表明 BPA 在缺氧条件下容易降解。本综述总结了导致 BPA 转化和降解的生物和非生物过程，并确定了研究需求，以推进对 BPA 及其在环境系统中的转化产物在持久性方面的预测性理解。
