Mohammadi Moslem, Parsi Behzad, Shahabi Majd Naghi
Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Tanaffos. 2016;15(1):1-8.
Despite widely available data about childhood asthma, there are limited data about the prevalence of asthma among young adults in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms among medical students in the city of Sari in Northern Iran.
The prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms was studied using a standard questionnaire. Based on the information obtained from the questionnaires, the study participants were divided into two groups of asthmatics and non-asthmatics. Pulmonary function tests including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) before, and after salbutamol inhalation were measured in all subjects with asthma and approximately 10% of those without asthma.
A total of 1,011 subjects (374 males, 637 females) participated in this study. Asthma was found in 3.5% of the subjects (3.2% males and 3.6% females). The 12-month prevalence of wheezing, coughing at rest, coughing at night, breathlessness at rest, exercise-induced wheezing, and exercise-induced coughing in the entire study population was 11.1%, 12.4%, 13.4%, 13.3%, 17.7%, and 16.7%, respectively. The prevalence of all asthma-related symptoms was significantly higher among asthmatics compared to non-asthmatics. Moreover, asthmatic subjects showed lower FEV1 and FVC values compared to nonasthmatic subjects (P<0.001). Smoking and family history of asthma were statistically significant risk factors for developing asthma.
The high prevalence of asthma related symptoms in the present study strongly suggests that asthma is under diagnosed and under treated among participants.
尽管有关于儿童哮喘的广泛可用数据，但伊朗年轻成年人中哮喘患病率的数据有限。本研究的目的是确定伊朗北部萨里市医科学生中哮喘和呼吸道症状的患病率。
使用标准问卷研究哮喘和呼吸道症状的患病率。根据问卷获得的信息，将研究参与者分为哮喘组和非哮喘组。对所有哮喘患者以及约10%的非哮喘患者测量吸入沙丁胺醇前后的肺功能测试，包括一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）和用力肺活量（FVC）。
共有1011名受试者（374名男性，637名女性）参与了本研究。在3.5%的受试者中发现哮喘（男性3.2%，女性3.6%）。在整个研究人群中，喘息、静息咳嗽、夜间咳嗽、静息呼吸困难、运动性喘息和运动性咳嗽的12个月患病率分别为11.1%、12.4%、13.4%、13.3%、17.7%和16.7%。与非哮喘患者相比，哮喘患者中所有与哮喘相关症状的患病率显著更高。此外，哮喘患者的FEV1和FVC值低于非哮喘患者（P<0.001）。吸烟和哮喘家族史是患哮喘的统计学显著危险因素。
本研究中哮喘相关症状的高患病率强烈表明，参与者中哮喘的诊断和治疗不足。
