Goodrich Robin I, Yonelinas Andrew P
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Neuropsychologia. 2016 Aug;89:485-494. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.011. Epub 2016 Jul 12.
It is well established that the medial temporal lobe (MTL), including the hippocampus, is essential for long-term memory. In addition, recent studies suggest that the MTL may also support visual working memory (VWM), but the conditions under which the MTL plays a critical role are not yet clear. To address this issue, we used a color change detection paradigm to examine the effects of MTL damage on VWM by analyzing the receiver operating characteristics of patients with MTL damage and healthy age- and education-matched controls. Compared to controls, patients with MTL damage demonstrated significant reductions in VWM accuracy. Importantly, the patients were not impaired at making accurate high-confidence judgments that a change had occurred; however, they were impaired when making low-confidence responses indicating that they sensed whether or not there had been a visual change. Moreover, these impairments were observed under conditions that emphasized the retrieval of complex bindings or the retrieval of high-resolution bindings. That is, patients with MTL damage exhibited VWM impairments when they were required to remember either a larger number of low-resolution bindings (i.e., set size of 5 and obvious color changes) or a smaller number of high-resolution bindings (i.e., set size of 3 and subtle color changes). The results indicate that only some VWM processes are dependent on the MTL, and are consistent with the proposal that the MTL plays a critical role in forming complex, high-resolution bindings.
内侧颞叶（MTL），包括海马体，对长期记忆至关重要，这一点已得到充分证实。此外，最近的研究表明，MTL可能也支持视觉工作记忆（VWM），但MTL发挥关键作用的条件尚不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们使用了颜色变化检测范式，通过分析MTL损伤患者以及年龄和教育程度匹配的健康对照者的接受者操作特征，来研究MTL损伤对VWM的影响。与对照组相比，MTL损伤患者的VWM准确性显著降低。重要的是，这些患者在准确做出高置信度的判断（即判断是否发生了变化）方面没有受损；然而，在做出低置信度的反应（即表明他们是否感知到视觉变化）时，他们受到了损害。此外，在强调复杂绑定检索或高分辨率绑定检索的条件下观察到了这些损害。也就是说，当要求MTL损伤患者记住更多数量的低分辨率绑定（即集合大小为5且颜色变化明显）或更少数量的高分辨率绑定（即集合大小为3且颜色变化细微）时，他们表现出VWM损害。结果表明，只有一些VWM过程依赖于MTL，这与MTL在形成复杂的、高分辨率绑定中起关键作用的观点一致。
