Sowell Krista D, Keen Carl L, Uriu-Adams Janet Y
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Healthcare (Basel). 2015 Nov 9;3(4):1097-120. doi: 10.3390/healthcare3041097.
Vitamin D is well recognized for its essentiality in maintaining skeletal health. Recent research has suggested that vitamin D may exert a broad range of roles throughout the human life cycle starting from reproduction to adult chronic disease risk. Rates of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy remain high worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of fertility problems, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and allergic disease in the offspring. Vitamin D is found naturally in only a few foods thus supplementation can provide an accessible and effective way to raise vitamin D status when dietary intakes and sunlight exposure are low. However, the possibility of overconsumption and possible adverse effects is under debate. The effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and early life on maternal and infant outcomes will be of particular focus in this review.
维生素D在维持骨骼健康方面的重要性已得到广泛认可。最近的研究表明，维生素D可能在从生殖到成人慢性病风险的整个人类生命周期中发挥广泛作用。全球范围内，孕期维生素D缺乏率仍然很高。维生素D缺乏与后代生育问题、先兆子痫、妊娠期糖尿病和过敏性疾病的风险增加有关。维生素D仅在少数食物中天然存在，因此，当饮食摄入量和阳光照射不足时，补充维生素D可以提供一种方便有效的提高维生素D水平的方法。然而，过量摄入的可能性及其可能产生的不良影响仍存在争议。本综述将特别关注孕期和生命早期补充维生素D对母婴结局的影响。
